In older reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, columns are fragile elements that can induce collapse of entire buildings during earthquakes. An accurate assessment of the seismic vulnerability of RC buildings using nonlinear response history analyses requires an accurate numerical model. The peak-oriented hysteretic rule is often used in existing numerical models to simulate the hysteretic behavior of RC members, with predefined backbone curves and cyclic deterioration. A monotonic backbone curve is commonly constructed from a cyclic envelope. Because cyclic envelope varies according to loading protocols, particularly in a softening branch, it is difficult to obtain a unique backbone curve irrespective of loading protocols. In addition, cyclic deterioration parameters irrespective of loading protocols cannot be found because these parameters are estimated with respect to the backbone curves. Modeling parameters of existing numerical models can also vary with respect to loading protocol. The objective of this study is to propose a loading protocol-independent numerical model that does not require estimates of modeling parameters specifically tuned for a certain loading protocol. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by comparing the simulated and measured cyclic curves of different sets of identical RC column specimens under various loading protocols.

在较旧的钢筋混凝土（RC）建筑物中，圆柱是易碎的元素，在地震中可能导致整个建筑物倒塌。使用非线性响应历史分析对RC建筑物的地震易损性进行准确评估需要准确的数值模型。在现有的数值模型中，经常使用基于峰值的磁滞规则来模拟RC构件的磁滞行为，并具有预定义的主干曲线和循环劣化。单调主干曲线通常由循环包络构成。因为循环包络根据装载规程而变化，尤其是在软化分支中，所以无论装载规程如何都难以获得唯一的主干曲线。此外，找不到与加载协议无关的周期性恶化参数，因为这些参数是相对于主干曲线估算的。现有数值模型的建模参数也可以相对于加载协议而变化。这项研究的目的是提出一种独立于加载协议的数值模型，该模型不需要估计专门针对特定加载协议调整的建模参数。通过比较在不同加载方案下相同的RC柱试样的不同集合的模拟和测量的循环曲线，验证了所提出模型的准确性。这项研究的目的是提出一种独立于加载协议的数值模型，该模型不需要估计专门针对特定加载协议调整的建模参数。通过比较在不同加载方案下相同的RC柱试样的不同集合的模拟和测量的循环曲线，验证了所提出模型的准确性。这项研究的目的是提出一种独立于加载协议的数值模型，该模型不需要估计专门针对特定加载协议调整的建模参数。通过比较在不同加载方案下相同的RC柱试样的不同集合的模拟和测量的循环曲线，验证了所提出模型的准确性。