Quantum mechanics has recently indicated that, at the fundamental level, temporal order is not fixed. This phenomenon, termed Indefinite Causal Order, is yet to receive metaphysical or theological engagement. We examine Indefinite Causal Order, particularly as it emerges in a 2018 photonic experiment. In this experiment, two operations A and B were shown to be in a superposition with regard to their causal order. Essentially, time, intuitively understood as fixed, flowing, and fundamental, becomes fuzzy. We argue that if Indefinite Causal Order is true, this is good evidence in favor of a B‐theory of time, though such a B‐theory requires modification. We then turn to theology, suggesting that a B‐theoretic temporal ontology invites serious reconsideration of the doctrine of salvation. This paper concludes that the best explanation for salvation given a B‐theory is mind‐dependent salvific becoming, a type of psychological soteriological change that occurs through downward causation.

中文翻译：

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量子力学，时间和神学：不确定的因果阶和新的求救方法

量子力学最近表明，从根本上说，时间顺序不是固定的。这种现象，被称为不确定因果顺序，尚未得到形而上学或神学的参与。我们研究不确定因果阶，尤其是在2018年光子实验中出现的。在该实验中，两个操作A和B在因果关系上显示为重叠。本质上，从直觉上理解为固定的，流动的和基本的时间变得模糊。我们认为，如果不确定因果顺序为真，则这是支持时间B理论的良好证据，尽管这种B理论需要修改。然后，我们转向神学，这表明B理论的时间本体论引发了对救赎主义的认真反思。