The aim of this article is to develop an integrative conceptual framework for addressing social-ecological systems across different spatial and temporal scales. Ethnobiologists study social-ecological systems through the lens of heterogeneous disciplines from the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Despite the integrative ambitions of the field, ethnobiology often remains fragmented through research programs that emphasize different methods and scales. This article proposes a conceptual synthesis of three processes of (1) cognitive processing, (2) cultural transmission, and (3) biocultural evolution. We also discuss how social negotiation is embedded in them. By showing how these different processes interact across different spatial and temporal scales, the article develops a framework for ethnobiological scholarship that can address complex dynamics in social-ecological systems.

中文翻译：

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跨时间和空间尺度处理社会生态系统：民族生物学的概念综合

本文的目的是开发一个综合的概念框架，以解决不同空间和时间尺度的社会生态系统问题。民族生物学家通过自然科学、社会科学和人文学科的异质学科的视角来研究社会生态系统。尽管该领域有综合的野心，但由于强调不同方法和规模的研究计划，民族生物学往往仍然支离破碎。本文提出了 (1) 认知加工、(2) 文化传播和 (3) 生物文化进化的三个过程的概念综合。我们还讨论了社会协商如何嵌入其中。通过展示这些不同的过程如何在不同的空间和时间尺度上相互作用，