Winter constitutes a significant threat to humans via damages, injuries, and fatalities in mid and high latitude environments. Much of the research into the health impacts of winter centers on urban areas in the snow climates of North America. When considering how humans are vulnerable to winter hazards, the legend of Snow‐Shoveler's Infarction dominates the public's assessment of winter health risks. This article seeks to broaden the understanding of winter hazards by summarizing the diversity of impacts on human health including frostbite, hypothermia, traffic accidents, slips, and falls, unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in addition to injuries, and fatalities associated with snow removal. Further, social determinants such as poverty and social isolation are identified as being associated with negative health outcomes. The disproportionate health impacts of winter are also summarized, thus revealing how some groups, particularly the disadvantaged, the elderly and those with preexisting health issues in urbanized snow climates of the United States and Canada, are more vulnerable to winter hazards.

中文翻译：

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超越“铲雪铲的梗塞”：拓宽对冬季健康风险的看法

在中高纬度环境中，冬天会造成损害，伤害和死亡，对人类构成重大威胁。关于冬季对健康的影响的许多研究都集中在北美雪雪地区的城市地区。在考虑人类如何易受冬季危害时，斯诺富勒氏梗塞的传说主导了公众对冬季健康风险的评估。本文通过总结对人类健康的各种影响，包括冻伤，体温过低，交通事故，滑倒和跌倒，除了伤害之外的意外一氧化碳中毒以及与除雪相关的死亡，来扩大对冬季危害的理解。此外，诸如贫困和社会隔离之类的社会决定因素被认为与负面的健康结果有关。