At present, women serve in a variety of combat roles, combat-support positions, and administrative roles in various militaries around the globe. This book looks at Israeli women’s military service as a gendered rite of passage through which these women learn to become gendered citizens. Stated differently, through military service, Israeli women learn the meaning of citizenship for themselves. The academic context for the sociological debate presented in the book is citizenship and gender. Overall, this is an excellent book that could interest scholars of military affairs and militarism, sociology, citizenship and gender. The book’s goal is to ‘explore women’s understanding of citizenship via the varied and the different meaning they ascribe to their military service’ (p. 3). At present, research on citizenship primarily emphasizes questions of policy, law and legal regulations, studying citizenship from a top-down perspective. However, this book shows how everyday concrete experiences shape citizenship as a lived experience (Lister, 2007) by focusing on the daily emotional and embodied interactions with state institutions expressed in the narratives of women soldiers. The authors present the military as one of the main arenas for civic participation, because it is the institution most closely identified with the state, both in its ideologies and its practices (Chapter 1, p. 1; Enloe, 1988). This is particularly true for non-Orthodox Jewish women. Thus, the authors conceptualize the military as a ‘contact zone’ (p. 1; Linke 2006), where the citizen and the state meet. Gender ideologies and interests, which are especially pronounced in the military, a hyper-masculine organization, shape encounters with the state. Therefore, this book analyses military service as a citizenship-conferring institution and focuses on how military service shapes the way women perceive the state and experience their citizenship. All in all, the authors do not present all women soldiers as a homogeneous group, but analyse differences in their perspectives toward the military according to their social status. The authors indicate that the military is an especially effective test case for examining gendered encounters with the state for a number of reasons:

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书评：以色列的女兵和公民身份：性别与国家的相遇

目前，女性在全球各种军队中担任各种战斗角色、战斗支援职务和行政职务。这本书将以色列女性的兵役视为一种性别化的成年仪式，这些女性通过它学习成为性别化的公民。换句话说，通过服兵役，以色列妇女为自己了解了公民身份的含义。书中提出的社会学辩论的学术背景是公民身份和性别。总的来说，这是一本优秀的书，可以引起军事和军国主义、社会学、公民和性别的学者的兴趣。这本书的目标是“通过她们赋予兵役的不同含义来探索女性对公民身份的理解”（第 3 页）。目前，公民身份研究主要强调政策、法律和法规问题，从自上而下的角度研究公民身份。然而，这本书通过关注女兵叙述中表达的与国家机构的日常情感和具体互动，展示了日常具体经历如何将公民身份塑造为一种生活体验（Lister，2007）。作者将军队描述为公民参与的主要领域之一，因为它是与国家最密切相关的机构，无论是在意识形态还是实践上（第 1 章，第 1 页；恩洛伊，1988 年）。对于非正统的犹太女性来说尤其如此。因此，作者将军队概念化为一个“接触区”（第 1 页；Linke 2006），在那里公民和国家相遇。性别意识形态和利益，这在军队中尤为明显，这是一个超级男性化的组织，塑造了与国家的接触。因此，本书将兵役作为一种公民身份授予机构进行分析，并重点关注兵役如何塑造女性感知国家和体验公民身份的方式。总而言之，作者并没有把所有女兵都看成一个同质的群体，而是根据她们的社会地位来分析她们对军队的看法差异。作者指出，出于多种原因，军队是一个特别有效的测试案例，用于检查与国家的性别冲突：本书将兵役作为授予公民身份的机构进行了分析，重点关注兵役如何塑造女性感知国家和体验公民身份的方式。总而言之，作者并没有把所有女兵都看成一个同质的群体，而是根据她们的社会地位来分析她们对军队的看法差异。作者指出，出于多种原因，军队是一个特别有效的测试案例，用于检查与国家的性别冲突：本书将兵役作为授予公民身份的机构进行了分析，并重点关注兵役如何塑造女性感知国家和体验公民身份的方式。总而言之，作者并没有把所有女兵都看成一个同质的群体，而是根据她们的社会地位来分析她们对军队的看法差异。作者指出，出于多种原因，军队是一个特别有效的测试案例，用于检查与国家的性别冲突：