Partnership discourse is making advances in development dialogue as a means to improve the livelihoods of the agrarian populace. In Papua New Guinea, productive partnerships flourished during the early growth of the coffee industry. After the demise of plantations and rural mills in the lead up to political independence, the support services that plantations used to provide to smallholders, including centralised processing, have ceased as have price incentives for quality. Consequently, smallholders began to produce coffee of inconsistent quality and their productivity has also declined. However, coffee value chain partnerships have the potential to reverse the present decline of coffee production and increase the productivity of coffee farmers and address the inconsistency and the supply of low‐grade coffee. Using two case studies of farmer cooperatives, we investigate collective action and also assess partnerships among present value chain actors. The case studies were supported with interviews of value chain actors to gain further insights into partnerships with farmer groups. This paper illustrates that through collective action and partnerships, coffee farmers can improve coffee production and quality, enhance governance systems in grower groups, attract community development services and diversify into other entrepreneurial activities.

中文翻译：

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锻造联盟：咖啡种植者和连锁领导者的伙伴关系，以提高巴布亚新几内亚的生产率和咖啡质量

伙伴关系的话语正在发展对话中取得进步，作为改善农业人口生计的一种手段。在巴布亚新几内亚，在咖啡行业早期发展期间，生产合作关系蓬勃发展。在导致政治独立的种植园和农村工厂瓦解之后，种植园过去向小农提供的支持服务（包括集中加工）已经停止，因为价格刺激了质量。结果，小农开始生产质量不一致的咖啡，其生产率也下降了。但是，咖啡价值链伙伴关系有潜力扭转目前咖啡产量下降的趋势，提高咖啡种植者的生产率，并解决低档咖啡的矛盾和供应问题。使用两个农民合作社的案例研究，我们调查了集体行动，还评估了当前价值链参与者之间的伙伴关系。案例研究得到了价值链参与者的访谈的支持，以进一步了解与农民团体的伙伴关系。本文说明，通过集体行动和建立伙伴关系，咖啡种植者可以提高咖啡产量和质量，改善种植者团体的治理体系，吸引社区发展服务，并多元化从事其他创业活动。