Over the past few decades, paleoanthropology has undergone a transformative shift away from studies focused solely on traditional assessments of skeletal anatomy. Prior to this shift, a review highlighting a year of research may have primarily consisted of a description of new fossil discoveries; in 2019, however, this review also incorporates novel subject matters such as ancient DNA, paleoproteomics, and studies applying a wide array of new analytical methods and theoretical frameworks to paleoanthropological questions. Through these new advances, the nonlinearity and complexity of hominin evolution has been illuminated, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary work in progressing the field. In addition, similar to the broader discipline of biological anthropology, the topic of decolonization has been reflected on and discussed. Further, researchers in paleoanthropology are grappling with important issues related to open access and data sharing. In light of this widening scope, this review centers on a collection of studies that focus on five key themes: (1) new discoveries; (2) data sharing and ethics; (3) human origins research; (4) paleogenomics, and new advancements in paleoproteomics; and (5) introspection on a colonial history. Paleoanthropology is coming of age, and in 2019 especially, published research has been reflective of this. [Evolutionary anthropology; human evolution; year in review; human origins]

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革命性的化石，古代生物分子以及伦理与非殖民化的反思：2019年的人类学

在过去的几十年中，古人类学已经发生了变革性的转变，从仅专注于传统骨骼解剖学评估的研究中脱颖而出。在此转变之前，强调一年研究的回顾可能主要包括对新化石发现的描述。然而，在2019年，这篇综述还纳入了诸如古代DNA，古人类学等新颖主题，并针对古人类学问题应用了各种新的分析方法和理论框架的研究。通过这些新进展，非线性和复杂性人源蛋白进化的观点已经阐明，强调了跨学科工作在该领域的发展的重要性。此外，类似于更广泛的生物人类学学科，非殖民化主题也得到了反思和讨论。此外，古人类学的研究人员正在努力解决与开放访问和数据共享有关的重要问题。鉴于范围的不断扩大，本综述集中于针对五个关键主题的一系列研究：（1）新发现；（2）数据共享与道德规范；（3）人类起源研究；（4）古基因组学，古生物学的新进展；（5）对殖民历史的内省。古人类学正在走向成熟，特别是在2019年，已发表的研究已经反映了这一点。[进化人类学；人类进化 年度回顾; 人类的起源]