Popular and scholarly accounts lament the demise of African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) and the loss of biodiversity across the Congo Basin, but there has been less appreciation of the consequences of restricted forest access for human communities in conservation contexts. We demonstrate the usefulness of biological anthropology in combination with multispecies ethnography for anchoring the futures of BaAka foragers and African forest elephants. Tuma elephant hunters have long negotiated their communities’ relationships with elephants and others who have relied on the BaAka to navigate the forest. Tracing multispecies interactions along a transnational network of elephant trails (bembo) helps us understand the ways that elephants have shaped forest structure and the fabric of existence for tuma and others. Bembo facilitate movement across watersheds and may prove a critical tool in the development of culturally relevant conservation practices. [foragers, elephants, multispecies, BaAka, Congo Basin]

中文翻译：

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大象，猎人和其他人：在保护区内整合生物人类学和多种族民族志

大众和学术界对非洲森林象（Loxodontacyclotis）的灭亡和整个刚果盆地生物多样性的丧失感到遗憾，但在保护背景下，人们对森林获取受限对人类社区的后果的认识却很少。我们证明了生物人类学与多种族民族志的结合对于锚定BaAka觅食者和非洲森林象的未来的有用性。Tuma大象狩猎者长期以来与大象和其他依靠BaAka穿越森林的人谈判了他们的社区关系。沿着大象足迹的跨国网络追踪各种物种的相互作用（本博）有助于我们了解大象塑造森林结构的方式以及图马和其他物种的生存结构。Bembo促进了流域之间的移动，并可能成为发展与文化相关的保护措施的关键工具。[觅食者，大象，多物种，巴卡，刚果盆地]