Perhaps the most significant feature of the youth justice system in England and Wales over the past decade is the extent to which it has contracted. Drawing on statistics published by the Youth Justice Board, a report published by Crest Advisory, a criminal justice consultancy, in November 2019, notes that, between March 2008 and March 2018, the number of proven offences committed by children fell from 277,986 to 77,349, a reduction of 75 per cent. There have been declines across all offence types, but they are particularly marked for less serious offences: recorded of incidents theft and handing stolen goods, for example, fell by 85 per cent over the period and criminal damage by 81 per cent. (The report in fact cites the highest decline as being for breach of statutory orders, at 87 per cent, but the extent of this reduction is likely to be explicable, at least in part, as a function of shifts in recording practice since breach of a community order or custodial licence is not formally a new offence.) By contrast, the decrease for violence against the person and sexual offences was substantially more modest, at 63 and 25 per cent, respectively. Knife and offensive weapons offences display a slightly different picture with a steep decline to 2014, followed by annual rises in each of the subsequent years; overall however, in 2018, the level of such offences was 30 per cent lower than in 2009 despite the recent increases. The report points out that these headline figures have been matched by a similar pattern across each stage of the youth justice system: arrests of children fell by 78 per cent between 2008 and 2018; the number of children entering the system for the first time (so-called first time entrants [FTEs]) by 86 per cent; youth cautions by 91 per cent; and the population of the custodial estate for children by 70 per cent. This latter contrasts with an 8 per cent rise in the adult prison population over the equivalent period. While the direction of travel is evident across the whole of England and Wales, geographical variation remains considerable. Thus, the arrest rate for children in the year

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青年正义新闻

也许英格兰和威尔士青年司法系统在过去十年中最显着的特征是它收缩的程度。根据青年司法委员会公布的统计数据，刑事司法咨询公司 Crest Advisory 于 2019 年 11 月发布的一份报告指出，在 2008 年 3 月至 2018 年 3 月期间，已证实的儿童犯罪数量从 277,986 件降至 77,349 件，减少了 75%。所有犯罪类型都有所下降，但它们在不太严重的犯罪方面尤其显着：例如，在此期间，盗窃和交出赃物的事件记录下降了 85%，刑事损失下降了 81%。（该报告实际上指出，违反法定命令的下降幅度最大，为 87%，但这种减少的程度可能是可以解释的，至少部分是作为记录实践变化的函数，因为违反社区秩序或监管许可并不是正式的新罪行。）相比之下，暴力侵害人身犯罪和性犯罪的比例要低得多，分别为 63% 和 25%。刀具和攻击性武器犯罪的情况略有不同，到 2014 年急剧下降，随后几年每年都在上升；然而，总体而言，尽管最近有所增加，但 2018 年此类犯罪的数量仍比 2009 年低 30%。报告指出，这些标题数字与青年司法系统各个阶段的相似模式相匹配：2008 年至 2018 年间，儿童被捕率下降了 78%；首次进入该系统的儿童（所谓的首次进入 [FTE]）数量增加了 86%；91% 的青少年警告；儿童托管财产的人口减少了 70%。后者与同期成人监狱人口增加 8% 形成鲜明对比。虽然整个英格兰和威尔士的旅行方向都很明显，但地理差异仍然很大。因此，当年儿童的逮捕率 虽然整个英格兰和威尔士的旅行方向都很明显，但地理差异仍然很大。因此，当年儿童的逮捕率 虽然整个英格兰和威尔士的旅行方向都很明显，但地理差异仍然很大。因此，当年儿童的逮捕率