Abstract Starting with the mid-1990s, the Western Romania footwear cluster has emerged and grown attaining a critical mass of producers and suppliers. Statistical data analysis based on Location Quotient (LQ) supports the relative concentration of fi rms and jobs in the footwear cluster as compared to the rest of the regions. The higher LQ values of fi rms are positively correlated with high levels of entrepreneurship and qualifi ed and diversifi ed labor pool, whereas the high LQ of footwear employment shows the large scale production at region-industry level. Better performance of the fi rms in the cluster is revealed by much higher averages of turnover, size and profi t as compared to the national average. Along the process of cluster building, the composition of the fi rms has turned hierarchical by functions, and diverse by size and production capabilities. Therefore, the cluster has gradually made the transition from a low-tech, labor intensive manufacturing to a local production system based on skills, knowledge and end-of-line activities. The fi ndings of the paper reveal the impact of the cluster building on the regional economy in terms of specialization, competitiveness, integration into the global supply chain, and spatial pattern. Finally, the analysis will provide insights into the relations between the footwear cluster, regional development and policy design.

中文翻译：

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劳动密集型产业集群建设对区域经济的影响（罗马尼亚西部）

摘要从1990年代中期开始，罗马尼亚西部的鞋类集群已经出现并发展壮大，其生产者和供应商数量达到了临界水平。与其他地区相比，基于位置商数（LQ）的统计数据分析支持了鞋类企业中企业和工作的相对集中度。公司的较高LQ值与高水平的企业家精神以及合格和多样化的劳动力库呈正相关，而鞋类就业率较高的LQ则表明该地区工业水平上的大规模生产。与全国平均水平相比，营业额，规模和利润的平均水平高得多，表明该集群企业的业绩更好。在集群建设的过程中，公司的组成已按功能转变为分层结构，规模和生产能力各不相同。因此，该集群已逐步从低技术，劳动密集型制造向基于技能，知识和终端活动的本地生产系统过渡。本文的发现从专业化，竞争力，融入全球供应链和空间格局方面揭示了集群建设对区域经济的影响。最后，分析将提供有关鞋类集群，区域发展与政策设计之间关系的见解。本文的发现从专业化，竞争力，融入全球供应链和空间格局方面揭示了集群建设对区域经济的影响。最后，分析将提供有关鞋类集群，区域发展与政策设计之间关系的见解。本文的发现从专业化，竞争力，融入全球供应链和空间格局方面揭示了集群建设对区域经济的影响。最后，该分析将提供有关鞋类集群，区域发展与政策设计之间关系的见解。