Shortly after the Brexit referendum, it became clear that the EU 27 needs structural reforms. The main discourses on the EU’s reform usually incorporate political and administrative approaches, reflecting ideological and strategic orientations but also public policy options and governance criteria. One of the most important and debated topics in this process is the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) in the field of defense, which was constantly rejected by the UK until June 2016. The aim of this article is to identify, explore and compare the main perspectives with regard to the reform of the European Union, with a focus on PESCO. We take into consideration the views expressed by European political leaders as well as high ranking officials from central administration in the EU Member States but also at NATO level. Based on a qualitative comparative research of the major discourses and projects in the field, this analysis indicates possible directions in which PESCO could advance in the coming years, but also some vulnerabilities, limitations and risks related to European defense and security as a public policy.

中文翻译：

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欧盟改革的行政和政治视角：关注永久的结构化合作

英国脱欧公投后不久，很明显，欧盟27国需要进行结构性改革。有关欧盟改革的主要论述通常包含政治和行政方法，既反映了意识形态和战略方向，也反映了公共政策选择和治理标准。国防领域的永久结构化合作（PESCO）是这一过程中最重要且争议最大的话题，直到2016年6月，英国一直对其予以拒绝。本文旨在确定，探索和比较主要问题。关于欧洲联盟改革的观点，重点是PESCO。我们考虑了欧洲政治领导人以及欧盟成员国中央管理高层官员以及北约层面表达的观点。