Over the last one hundred years, theMiddle East region has had a prominence in global affairs and crises incommensurate with its geographic size or its strategic and economic stature. Its many predicaments are rooted in the ruptures and farreaching transformations of World War I and its immediate aftermath. The region’s geopolitical contours emerged from the war in an overhaul that could hardly have been predicted a few years earlier. The boundaries of the constituent countries determined during and in the immediate aftermath ofWorldWar I have been repeatedly, and increasingly violently, contested. They have, however, also remained surprisingly stable. As nonbelligerents or colonial outposts relatively removed from the central theaters of the conflict, Middle Eastern countries were spared the worst convulsions of the past century’s other world war. Thus, the imprint and legacy of World War I has arguably been more durable in the Middle East than in any other part of the world. Paradoxically, for most of the last century knowledge about this crucial juncture in the Middle East has remained rudimentary, patchy, and incompletely integrated into general histories of the war. Only in recent years have the war years received greater attention in Middle Eastern studies. The integration of the Middle East’s war into the larger field of World War I studies has been even slower, although the growing emphasis

中文翻译：

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第一次世界大战的奥斯曼帝国经验：史学问题与趋势

在过去的一百年里，中东地区在全球事务和危机中的地位与其地理规模或其战略和经济地位不相称。它的许多困境源于第一次世界大战及其直接后果的破裂和深远的转变。该地区的地缘政治轮廓在几年前几乎无法预测的大修中从战争中显现出来。第一次世界大战期间和刚结束时确定的组成国家的边界​​一再受到越来越激烈的争论。然而，它们也出人意料地保持稳定。由于非交战国或殖民前哨相对远离冲突的中心战场，中东国家幸免于上世纪另一场世界大战中最严重的动荡。因此，第一次世界大战的印记和遗产在中东可以说比世界其他任何地方都更持久。矛盾的是，在上个世纪的大部分时间里，关于中东这一关键时刻的知识仍然是基本的、零散的，并且没有完全融入战争的一般历史。直到最近几年，中东研究才更加关注战争年代。将中东战争纳入更大的第一次世界大战研究领域的速度甚至更慢，尽管越来越强调 并没有完全融入战争的一般历史。直到最近几年，中东研究才更加关注战争年代。将中东战争纳入更大的第一次世界大战研究领域的速度甚至更慢，尽管越来越强调 并没有完全融入战争的一般历史。直到最近几年，中东研究才更加关注战争年代。将中东战争纳入更大的第一次世界大战研究领域的速度甚至更慢，尽管越来越强调