:Enlightenment era optimism that technological and educational developments offer a progressive path to plenty and liberation supports a hope that human toil may be progressively reduced. The Development Thesis defended by G. A. Cohen is a piece of that Enlightenment optimism. The Development Thesis holds that productive forces tend to develop throughout history. The tendency for such an increase in productive forces to occur is, according to Cohen’s argument, due to persistent facts about human nature. If Cohen is correct, there is a tendency toward progress of an important sort, and this progress is due in significant part to human nature. But the development of productive forces also destroys nonhuman natural value. In the era of the Anthropocene this is occurring on a planetary scale. The simultaneous development and destruction entails that claims of progress must rely on an all-things-considered judgment. But due to the plurality of the relevant values, which cannot be compared according to a common metric, rational disagreement about the existence of progress and our progressive nature can be expected to persist.

中文翻译：

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进步、毁灭和人类

：启蒙时代的乐观主义认为，技术和教育的发展提供了一条通往富足的进步道路，解放支持了一种希望，即人类的辛劳可能会逐渐减少。GA Cohen 捍卫的发展论点是启蒙乐观主义的一部分。发展命题认为，生产力在整个历史过程中都有发展的趋势。根据科恩的论点，生产力出现这种增加的趋势是由于关于人性的持续事实。如果科恩是正确的，那么就有一种重要的进步趋势，而这种进步在很大程度上归功于人性。但是生产力的发展也破坏了非人类的自然价值。在人类世时代，这发生在全球范围内。同时发展和破坏意味着进步的主张必须依赖于综合考虑的判断。但由于相关价值的多样性，无法根据共同的衡量标准进行比较，关于进步的存在和我们的进步本性的理性分歧可以预期会持续存在。