:An evidence-based time series on agricultural growth prior to 1850 only exists for very few German territories. Except for Saxony, there is no series available for the pre-1815 period. Based on sharecropping contracts from the estate of Anholt, we reconstruct the development of crop production for western Westphalia and the lower Rhineland c. 1740–1860. Our results show that parallel to Saxony, agricultural growth in this north-west German region was driven entirely by demand from a growing number of households engaged in proto-industrial and early industrial manufacture production. Fully commercialised land tenure systems dominated in Anholt from the beginning of the early modern period, and manorial institutions had little relevance for rural property relations. Hence, the radical French and Prussian agrarian reforms at the beginning of the nineteenth century had no effect on agricultural production. In a north-west European comparison, Anholt's sharecroppers performed rather well during this decisive formation period culminating in early industrialisation.

中文翻译：

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原始和早期工业环境中的农业产出增长：来自西威斯特法伦州和下莱茵兰的农耕的证据，c。1740–1860

：关于 1850 年之前的农业增长的循证时间序列仅存在于极少数德国领土。除了萨克森，没有 1815 年以前的系列可用。根据安霍尔特庄园的佃农合同，我们重建了威斯特法伦州西部和莱茵兰下游 c. 的作物生产发展。1740-1860 年。我们的研究结果表明，与萨克森州平行，这个德国西北部地区的农业增长完全是由越来越多从事原始工业和早期工业制造生产的家庭的需求推动的。完全商业化的土地使用权制度从近代早期开始在安霍尔特占主导地位，庄园制度与农村财产关系几乎没有相关性。因此，十九世纪初法国和普鲁士激进的土地改革对农业生产没有影响。在西北欧的比较中，安霍尔特的佃农在这个决定性的形成时期表现相当不错，最终导致了早期工业化。