Contrary to common assumptions that the liberal world order was ‘made in the West’, this article argues that it was produced in interaction with Pan-African ideology and actors. Developing a morphological analysis, it identifies three contending visions of world order within Pan-Africanism: a world of continental unity and transnational solidarity; a world of national sovereignty; and a world of racially defined units. It concludes that Pan-Africanism contains intellectual and political resources for the defence, reinvigoration, and invention of a more just, equal and rule-bound multilateral world, but that this cannot be taken for granted. Pan-Africanism is neither inherently progressive, nor reactionary, and can support multilateralism and sovereigntism in equal measure. Pan-Africanism's nativism also carries particular risks at a time when similar identitarian viewpoints are promoted by Radical Right movements. Understanding the manner in which Pan-Africanism informs and legitimises diverse political agendas is thus of crucial importance for IR, for Pan-Africanists, and for the future of world order.

中文翻译：

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国际主义者、主权主义者、本土主义者：泛非主义对世界秩序的不同看法

与自由世界秩序是“西方制造”的普遍假设相反，本文认为它是在与泛非意识形态和行动者的互动中产生的。通过形态学分析，它确定了泛非主义中世界秩序的三个相互竞争的愿景：一个大陆统一和跨国团结的世界；一个国家主权的世界；和一个由种族定义的单位组成的世界。它的结论是，泛非主义包含了捍卫、振兴和发明一个更加公正、平等和受规则约束的多边世界的知识和政治资源，但这不能被认为是理所当然的。泛非主义本身既不是进步的，也不是反动的，可以平等地支持多边主义和主权主义。泛非主义 在激进右翼运动提倡类似的身份主义观点的时候，本土主义也带来了特殊的风险。因此，了解泛非主义如何为各种政治议程提供信息并使之合法化对于国际关系、泛非主义者和世界秩序的未来至关重要。