Oscar Wilde and Emile Zola are conventionally opposed as the figureheads of, respectively, the aestheticist and the naturalist literary trends. Yet they exhibit a number of uncanny similarities—not least the turn both made in their last years toward religious themes and imagery, and especially those of martyrdom and the Passion. This article explores such images in the later life, work, and public persona of each writer and sets them within the context of the dizzying proliferation of references to Christ and martyrdom in fin de siecle culture. It examines the “entailments”—the unexpected consequences, meanings, and echoes—that these overdetermined themes brought in their train from the wider literary field and shows how those entailments were exacerbated by the massive politicization of “martyr” discourse around the time of the Dreyfus affair, when the theme acquired its fullest significance.

中文翻译：

---

王尔德，左拉，德雷福斯，基督

奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde）和埃米尔·佐拉（Emile Zola）通常分别是唯美主义和自然主义文学思潮的代表人物。然而，它们表现出许多不可思议的相似性-尤其是最近几年两者都转向宗教主题和意象，尤其是教和激情主题。本文探讨了每位作家的晚年生活，工作和公众人物中的此类图像，并将它们设置在末代文化中对基督和and难的提法泛滥的背景下。它研究了这些“预料”-意想不到的后果，意义和回声-这些过高确定的主题来自更广阔的文学领域，并说明了在“大批烈士”话语大规模政治化之后，这些预料如何加剧了这种情况。德雷福斯事件