I examine the use of the term function in Aldo Leopold’s land ethic, invoked as (1) the healthy functioning of the land community, which is dependent on (2) the maintenance of the characteristic functions of populations that are parts of the land community. The latter can be understood as referring to interactions between species that are the products of coevolution (such as parasite-host, predator-prey) and, thus, in terms of the “selected effect” account of function. The performance of these functions under certain conditions maintain what Leopold took to be the healthy functioning of a land community.

中文翻译：

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奥尔多·利奥波德土地伦理和生态学中的功能和作用

我研究了 Aldo Leopold 土地伦理中功能一词的使用，它被引用为 (1) 土地社区的健康运作，这取决于 (2) 作为土地社区一部分的人口的特征功能的维持。后者可以理解为指作为共同进化产物的物种（例如寄生虫-宿主、捕食者-猎物）之间的相互作用，因此，根据功能的“选择效应”解释。这些功能在某些条件下的表现维持了利奥波德认为的土地社区的健康运作。