Scholars belong to multiple communities of credit simultaneously. When these communities disagree about a scholarly achievement’s credit assignment, this raises a puzzle for decision and game theoretic models of credit seeking in science. The reference class problem for credit valuation in science is the problem of determining to which of an agent’s communities—which reference class—credit determinations should be indexed for an act under some state of nature. Solving this problem requires developing rich, mutually informed theories of community and credit that are sensitive to the structure and status systems of complex, heterogeneous scholarly networks.

中文翻译：

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科学信用评估的参考类问题

学者同时属于多个信用社区。当这些社区对学术成就的学分分配存在分歧时，这给科学中寻求学分的决策和博弈论模型带来了难题。科学中信用评估的参考类别问题是确定在某种自然状态下，信用决定应该被索引到代理的哪个社区——哪个参考类别——的问题。解决这个问题需要发展丰富的、相互了解的社区和信用理论，这些理论对复杂、异质的学术网络的结构和地位系统很敏感。