Attempts at common agreements to phase out fossil fuel subsidies (FFS) have been increasing, as the topic generated momentum through the Rio Dialogues prior to the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) and following the Paris Agreement in 2016. This study quantifies the magnitude and the relative importance of FFS in the Turkish economy and produces a relevant national FFS synthesis for policy design. FFS form a complex system of a self-contradictory nature that stands in stark contrast with the Turkish government’s statements regarding sustainable development. Based on available data from the 2000s, we find that Turkey provides state support for coal and the exploration of oil and natural gas that represents roughly 0.2 percent of its nominal GDP per year. Continuing to subsidize fossil fuels narrows down the fiscal options that could otherwise be used to support cleaner technologies and mitigation actions. Given the fact that fossil fuels have significantly negative implications for the environment and health, eliminating those subsidies has the potential to help combat environmental pollution, climate change, and related problems.

中文翻译：

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化石燃料补贴是双输：土耳其的财政和环境负担

随着 2012 年联合国可持续发展大会 (里约+20) 之前的里约对话和 2016 年《巴黎协定》之后的里约对话，该主题产生了势头，以逐步取消化石燃料补贴 (FFS) 的共同协议的尝试一直在增加。研究量化了 FFS 在土耳其经济中的规模和相对重要性，并为政策设计提供了相关的国家 FFS 综合。FFS 形成了一个自相矛盾的复杂系统，与土耳其政府关于可持续发展的声明形成鲜明对比。根据 2000 年代的可用数据，我们发现土耳其为煤炭以及石油和天然气的勘探提供了国家支持，这大约占其每年名义 GDP 的 0.2%。继续补贴化石燃料会缩小原本可用于支持清洁技术和缓解行动的财政选择。鉴于化石燃料对环境和健康具有显着的负面影响，取消这些补贴有可能有助于应对环境污染、气候变化和相关问题。