Abstract River landscapes represent key areas of great importance to human society as they perform many functions and provide valuable services. Traditionally, these areas have been perceived as geomorphological phenomena characterised by specific soil conditions, hydrological regimes and unique habitats. Due to the availability of detailed data, it is possible to perform a spatial delineation of river landscapes by interpreting these data using several different approaches. The results of these different approaches can vary considerably, since it is particularly challenging to define the river landscape along small watercourses for which the availability of suitable data is limited. The main aim of this study is to analyse the various methodological approaches that may be used to define the river landscapes of small streams, and to evaluate the efficiency of those approaches that can be applied in nature and landscape conservation. Two medium-sized catchments in the Czech Republic were selected as the study areas in order to ensure different natural conditions and degrees of anthropogenic pressure. As a result, an approach based on combining soil characteristics and topographic information is considered the most appropriate solution to delineate the river ecosystem.

中文翻译：

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四种河流景观划分方法的比较：捷克共和国的小河道案例

摘要河流景观代表着对人类社会至关重要的关键领域，因为它们履行着许多功能并提供了有价值的服务。传统上，这些地区被认为是具有特定土壤条件，水文状况和独特栖息地特征的地貌现象。由于详细数据的可用性，可以通过使用几种不同的方法解释这些数据来对河流景观进行空间描绘。这些不同方法的结果可能会有很大差异，因为定义沿小河道的河道景观尤其具有挑战性，对于这些河道而言，合适数据的可用性受到限制。这项研究的主要目的是分析可用于定义小溪河道景观的各种方法，并评估可用于自然和景观保护的方法的效率。为了确保不同的自然条件和人为压力程度，选择了捷克共和国的两个中型流域作为研究区域。因此，基于土壤特征和地形信息相结合的方法被认为是描绘河流生态系统的最合适解决方案。