Abstract The distance a person is willing to commute has a direct influence on her/his employment opportunities and wage level. It raises a lot of interesting questions, especially whether intra-urban commuting (due to a well-developed transport infrastructure, geographical concentration of job opportunities, etc.) is connected with any wage returns, and how they differ in comparison with those of inter-urban commuting. This article uses three data-sets at national (N1 = 1,884; N2 = 933) and local (N3 = 3,193) levels from the Czech Republic, and different approximations of commuting in order to contribute to the discussion. It provides robust evidence on positive wage returns to both inter-urban and intra-urban commuting, comparable with Western countries. The differences between large national and limited urban labour markets are reflected in functional form: wage returns are linear for intra-urban and non-linear for inter-urban commuting. The article also explores the validity of different measures of commuting time and distance provided by the on-line application Mapy.cz, and suggests that it represents a suitable approximation in the case of missing or limited data.

中文翻译：

---

通勤有回报：城市间和城市内通勤的工资回报证据

摘要一个人愿意上下班的距离直接影响他/她的就业机会和工资水平。这就提出了很多有趣的问题，尤其是城市内部的通勤（由于发达的运输基础设施，工作机会的地理集中等）是否与任何工资回报有关，以及与城市间的工资回报相比有何不同？ -城市通勤。本文使用来自捷克共和国的国家（N1 = 1,884； N2 = 933）和地方（N3 = 3,193）级别的三个数据集，以及通勤的不同近似值，以便为讨论做贡献。它提供了有力的证据，证明与西方国家相比，城市间和城市内通勤的工资回报率都很高。大型国家劳动力市场和有限的城市劳动力市场之间的差异体现在功能形式上：城市内部的工资报酬是线性的，而城市之间的通勤则是非线性的。本文还探讨了在线应用程序Mapy.cz提供的通勤时间和距离的不同度量的有效性，并建议在缺少或有限数据的情况下，它代表一种合适的近似值。