Abstract Bio-energy (like other renewable energy sources) is proposed as a solution for climate change and other energy-related and economic issues. The predominant production model, however, which is based on first-generation biofuels developed on a global scale, creates ecological impacts throughout the production chain, resulting in a sustainability paradox, as well as social unrest and territorial conflict. Therefore, attention here is focussed on agro-energy and second-generation biofuels, investigating the structural differences, the advantages, the potential problems and the possible solutions of some local biofuel initiatives in North Western Europe. Finally, we propose a regional agrarian model to avoid the impacts and contradictions of the global industrial model, to produce a better ecological balance at both the local and the global levels, and to improve the democratic character of energy governance. In addition, we suggest a paradigmatic reading to better understand the cultural, political and socio-economic implications of the two models.

中文翻译：

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可持续生物燃料：规模和目标问题

摘要生物能源（像其他可再生能源一样）被提出作为解决气候变化以及其他与能源有关的经济问题的解决方案。然而，主要的生产模式是基于在全球范围内开发的第一代生物燃料，它在整个生产链中产生了生态影响，导致了可持续性悖论，社会动荡和领土冲突。因此，这里的注意力集中在农业能源和第二代生物燃料上，调查了西北欧一些地方生物燃料计划的结构差异，优势，潜在问题和可能的解决方案。最后，我们提出了一种区域农业模式，以避免全球工业模式的影响和矛盾，在地方和全球范围内实现更好的生态平衡，并改善能源治理的民主特征。此外，我们建议您进行范式阅读，以更好地理解这两种模式的文化，政治和社会经济含义。