This paper reviews evidence on young people in Europe and the US making the transition from school-to-work before and after the 2008 Great Recession. Taking a macro-level perspective, similarities and differences in education and employment experiences across different European countries are described, considering the role of different institutional support systems in ‘scaffolding’ young people’s transitions to independence. It is argued that the 2008 financial crisis brought with it reduced employment opportunities for young people and accelerated pre-existing trends towards prolonged education participation and precarious employment. There are, however, considerable variations across different countries, highlighting the role of social institutions in supporting young people during the school-to-work transition. Transition systems that created bridges between education and employment are associated with lower national levels of youth unemployment, while young people coming of age in less-protective transition regimes suffered highest levels of youth unemployment, high levels of temporary employment and not being in education, employment or training (NEET).

中文翻译：

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年轻人与大萧条：欧美从学校到工作的转变

本文回顾了有关欧洲和美国年轻人在2008年大萧条前后从学校过渡到工作的证据。从宏观的角度，考虑到不同的机构支持系统在“支撑”年轻人向独立过渡的过程中的作用，描述了欧洲不同国家在教育和就业经历方面的异同。有人认为，2008年的金融危机减少了年轻人的就业机会，并加速了长期存在的长期教育参与和不稳定就业的趋势。但是，不同国家之间存在很大差异，突出了社会机构在学校到工作过渡期间在支持年轻人中的作用。