Objective: At-risk youth benefit from supportive, high-quality relationships with fathers and father figures, but relatively little is known about the factors that influence the quality of these relationships. Accordingly, this study aims to identify predictors and examine moderating effects of father type, father involvement, and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on the quality of father–child relationships. Method: We conducted generalized estimating equations using a sample (N = 422) of 12-year-olds from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect data set. Results: Adolescents living with a biological father reported significantly higher quality father–child relationships than those living with a nonbiological father. Greater father involvement was associated with higher quality father–child relationships. The positive association between father involvement and father–child relationship quality was significantly stronger for adolescents living with a nonbiological father. Additionally, exposure to IPV was negatively related to father–child relationship quality for nonbiological fathers, but not for biological fathers. Conclusions: Findings indicate the need to offer more specialized interventions and programs to support coresiding nonbiological fathers’ unique challenges in building high-quality relationships with nonbiological children.

中文翻译：

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遭受虐待风险的青少年中父子关系质量的预测指标

目标：处于危险中的青年受益于与父亲和父亲人物之间的支持性，高质量关系，但对影响这些关系质量的因素了解甚少。因此，本研究旨在确定预测因素，并检验父亲类型，父亲的参与以及亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）暴露对父子关系质量的调节作用。方法：我们使用来自儿童虐待和忽视纵向研究数据集的12岁样本（N = 422）进行了广义估计方程。结果：与有亲生父亲的青少年相比，与没有生父的父亲相比，其父子关系的质量要高得多。父亲的更多参与与更高质量的父子关系有关。父亲与非生物学父亲一起生活的青少年与父亲的参与和父亲与孩子的关系质量之间的正相关性明显增强。此外，对于非生物学父亲而言，接触IPV与父子关系质量负相关，而与亲生父亲无关。结论：研究结果表明有必要提供更专业的干预措施和计划，以支持核心非生物学父亲在与非生物学儿童建立高质量关系方面的独特挑战。