Objective: The Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews contains search filters to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Ovid MEDLINE: one maximizing sensitivity and another balancing sensitivity and precision. These filters were originally published in 1994 and were adapted and updated in 2008. To determine the performance of these filters, the authors tested them and thirty-six other MEDLINE filters against a large new gold standard set of relevant records. Methods: We identified a gold standard set of RCT reports published in 2016 from the Cochrane CENTRAL database of controlled clinical trials. We retrieved the records in Ovid MEDLINE and combined these with each RCT filter. We calculated their sensitivity, relative precision, and f-scores. Results: The gold standard comprised 27,617 records. MEDLINE searches were run on July 16, 2019. The most sensitive RCT filter was Duggan et al. (sensitivity=0.99). The Cochrane sensitivity-maximizing RCT filter had a sensitivity of 0.96 but was more precise than Duggan et al. (0.14 compared to 0.04 for Duggan). The most precise RCT filters had 0.97 relative precision and 0.83 sensitivity. Conclusions: The Cochrane Ovid MEDLINE sensitivity-maximizing RCT filter can continue to be used by Cochrane reviewers and to populate CENTRAL, as it has very high sensitivity and a slightly better precision relative to more sensitive filters. The results of this study, which used a very large gold standard to compare the performance of all known RCT filters, allows searchers to make better informed decisions about which filters to use for their work.

中文翻译：

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哪些是识别 MEDLINE 中随机对照试验最敏感的搜索过滤器？

目标：《Cochrane 系统评价手册》包含用于在 Ovid MEDLINE 中查找随机对照试验 (RCT) 的搜索过滤器：一个最大化灵敏度，另一个平衡灵敏度和精度。这些过滤器最初于 1994 年发布，并于 2008 年进行了调整和更新。为了确定这些过滤器的性能，作者根据大量新的黄金标准相关记录集对它们以及其他 36 个 MEDLINE 过滤器进行了测试。方法：我们从 Cochrane CENTRAL 对照临床试验数据库中确定了 2016 年发布的一组黄金标准 RCT 报告。我们检索了 Ovid MEDLINE 中的记录，并将这些记录与每个 RCT 过滤器相结合。我们计算了它们的灵敏度、相对精度和 f 分数。结果：黄金标准包含 27,617 条记录。MEDLINE 搜索于 2019 年 7 月 16 日进行。最敏感的 RCT 过滤器是 Duggan 等人。（灵敏度=0.99）。Cochrane 灵敏度最大化 RCT 滤波器的灵敏度为 0.96，但比 Duggan 等人更精确。（杜根为 0.14，而杜根为 0.04）。最精确的 RCT 滤波器的相对精度为 0.97，灵敏度为 0.83。结论：Cochrane Ovid MEDLINE 灵敏度最大化 RCT 过滤器可以继续被 Cochrane 审阅者使用并填充 CENTRAL，因为它具有非常高的灵敏度和相对于更敏感的过滤器稍好的精度。这项研究的结果使用了一个非常大的黄金标准来比较所有已知 RCT 过滤器的性能，使搜索者能够就在其工作中使用哪些过滤器做出更明智的决定。