This article examines the way Vilfredo Pareto addresses the dynamics of social equilibrium and the evolution of economic institutions based on the principle of the rupture of the Machiavellian Moment. In the first part, we analyze why and how Pareto’s categories(residues, derivations, interests, \social heterogeneity, logical actions, andnon-logical1actions)borrow from those of Machiavelli(virtù, fortuna, corruptio, andordine)to define various forms of the Machiavellian Moment. In the second part, we show that this borrowing allows Pareto to explain: (i) the evolution of political equilibriums, from the distinction the author makes between “Maximum of utility FOR a community in sociology” and “Maximum of ophelimity FOR a community in political economy”; and (ii) the alternative between free trade and protectionism.

中文翻译：

---

帕累托之前的马基雅维利：狐狸、狮子和非逻辑行动导致的社会平衡

本文考察了 Vilfredo Pareto 基于马基雅维利时刻破裂原理处理社会均衡动态和经济制度演变的方式。在第一部分，我们分析了帕累托分类的原因和方式（残差、推导、兴趣、\社会异质性、逻辑行为， 和不合逻辑的1行动）从马基雅维利那里借来的(virtù, fortuna, 腐败， 和秩序）定义各种形式的马基雅维利矩。在第二部分，我们表明这种借用允许帕累托解释：（i）政治均衡的演变，作者区分“社会学中社区的最大效用”和“社会学中社区的最大效用”政治经济”; (ii) 自由贸易和保护主义之间的选择。