Interest in mandatory employer-based trip reduction (EBTR) programs has been renewed due to increased emphasis on reducing transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions. This paper analyzes survey data from 2004 to 2016 from an EBTR program in Southern California, known as Rule 2202, which allows employers with more than 250 workers to choose among implementing commute reduction strategies to meet performance standards, show evidence of obtaining omissions credits, or pay a fee-in-lieu. We report program statistics and conduct bivariate and regression analyses to determine which land-use and location characteristics, employer characteristics, and mitigation strategies explain cross-sectional differences in average vehicle ridership (AVR) and AVR improvement to understand where future AVR increases might be realized. Decreasing program participation suggests that alternatives to commute-reduction strategies make financial sense to regulated employers, but Rule 2202 employers report higher alternative transportation shares than the region as a whole. AVR is found to be highest at smaller worksites, in transit-supported and pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods, and where employers support vanpool programs. Multivariate analyses indicate that AVR gains were also highest in commercially dense neighborhoods, for retail businesses, and where guaranteed ride home programs were offered, showing promise for future AVR gains.

中文翻译：

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影响南加州的通勤方式选择：哪些基于雇主的策略有效？

由于越来越重视减少与交通有关的温室气体排放，人们对强制性基于雇主的旅行减少（EBTR）计划重新产生了兴趣。本文分析了2004年至2016年南加州EBTR计划（规则2202）的调查数据，该计划允许拥有250名以上工人的雇主在实施通勤减少战略中进行选择以达到绩效标准，显示获得遗漏信用的证据或支付费用。我们报告计划统计数据，并进行双变量和回归分析，以确定哪些土地利用和位置特征，用人单位特征和缓解策略解释了平均车辆乘员率（AVR）和AVR改善的横截面差异，以了解未来AVR可能实现的增长。计划参与的减少表明，通勤减少策略的替代方案对受监管的雇主具有财务意义，但细则2202雇主报告的替代交通份额要高于整个地区。在较小的工作场所，在公交支持和行人友好的社区以及雇主支持共同点计划的地方，AVR最高。多变量分析表明，在商业密集的社区，零售企业以及提供有保障的乘车回家计划的地方，AVR的收益也最高，这显示了未来AVR收益的希望。在较小的工作场所，在公交支持和行人友好的社区以及雇主支持共同点计划的地方，AVR最高。多变量分析表明，在商业密集的社区，零售企业以及提供有保障的乘车回家计划的地方，AVR的收益也最高，这显示了未来AVR收益的希望。在较小的工作场所，在公交支持和行人友好的社区以及雇主支持共同点计划的地方，AVR最高。多变量分析表明，在商业密集的社区，零售企业以及提供有保障的乘车回家计划的地方，AVR的收益也最高，这显示了未来AVR收益的希望。