This paper examines the relationship between residential accessibility, i.e., accessibility from a person’s home address, and their likelihood of being in a crash over a three-year period. We explore two potential relationships with accessibility. The first is that persons who live in areas with high destination accessibility may drive less and therefore are less likely to be in vehicular crashes. The second is that persons who live in high vehicle miles traveled (VMT) accessibility areas may be exposed to higher levels of traffic in their regular activity space and therefore may be more likely to be in crashes of all modal types. Examining traffic analysis zones in Knoxville, Tennessee, this research finds some evidence for each of these hypothesized effects. These oppositely directed effects have dominant influence within different travel-time thresholds. The first relationship between destination accessibility and fewer crashes is found to be strongest for 10-minute auto accessibility, whereas the second relationship between VMT accessibility and more crashes is found to occur at 10-minute, 20-minute, and 30-minute thresholds.

中文翻译：

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居民可及性与人均失事率的关系

本文研究了住宅可及性（即从一个人的家庭住址可及性）与他们三年内发生车祸的可能性之间的关系。我们探索了两个具有可访问性的潜在关系。首先是，居住在目的地可达性高的地区的人可能开车较少，因此不太可能发生车祸。第二个问题是，居住在高车辆行驶距离（VMT）可达性区域的人员在其常规活动空间中可能会遇到较高的交通状况，因此可能更有可能发生所有交通事故。考察田纳西州诺克斯维尔市的交通分析区域，这项研究发现了每种假设影响的一些证据。这些相反的作用在不同的行程时间阈值内具有主要影响。对于10分钟的自动可访问性，发现目标可访问性与较少的崩溃之间的第一关系最强，而发现VMT的可访问性与更多的崩溃之间的第二关系在10分钟，20分钟和30分钟的阈值处发生。