Although significant strides have been made regarding the relationship between urban structure and travel, some doubt appears to be lingering concerning the impacts of polycentric urban development. For example, the debate on whether a polycentric or monocentric workplace location pattern is favorable for reducing negative environmental effects from transportation has not been entirely settled. This study intends to contribute to clearing up some of the misconceptions by focusing on the implications of spatial distribution of jobs on commuting patterns among employees within the Oslo metropolitan area. Results show a strong tendency for a higher share of car commuting among employees working in suburban workplaces. This pattern persists also for suburban workplaces located close to suburban transit nodes. The share of transit commuters shows the opposite pattern. Commuting distances also tend to increase the farther from the city center the workplace is located. These conclusions are based on cross-sectional and quasi-longitudinal survey data as well as semi-structured in-depth interviews of workers, including several interviewees who had changed their workplace locations. To our knowledge, this is the first mixed-methods study on the influence of workplace location on commuting behavior. The results raise doubt about the appropriateness of polycentric intra-metropolitan workplace development as a strategy for sustainable mobility.

中文翻译：

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工作场所位置，多中心主义和通勤

尽管在城市结构与出行之间的关系上已取得了长足的进步，但对于多中心城市发展的影响似乎仍存有疑问。例如，关于多中心或单中心工作场所位置模式是否有利于减少运输带来的负面环境影响的争论尚未完全解决。这项研究旨在通过集中研究工作的空间分布对奥斯陆都会区内员工通勤方式的影响，来消除一些误解。结果表明，在郊区工作场所工作的雇员中，通勤的比例更高。对于靠近郊区运输节点的郊区工作场所，这种模式也仍然存在。过境通勤者的比例呈现相反的趋势。通勤距离也往往会增加远离工作场所所在城市中心的距离。这些结论基于横截面和准纵向调查数据以及对工人的半结构化深度访谈，其中包括几名改变工作地点的受访者。据我们所知，这是关于工作场所位置对通勤行为影响的第一种混合方法研究。结果使人们怀疑多中心大城市内部工作场所发展作为可持续出行战略的适当性。这些结论基于横截面和准纵向调查数据以及对工人（包括几名改变工作地点的受访者）的半结构化深度访谈。据我们所知，这是关于工作场所位置对通勤行为影响的第一种混合方法研究。结果使人们怀疑多中心大城市内部工作场所发展作为可持续出行战略的适当性。这些结论基于横截面和准纵向调查数据以及对工人的半结构化深度访谈，其中包括几名改变工作地点的受访者。据我们所知，这是关于工作场所位置对通勤行为影响的第一种混合方法研究。结果使人们怀疑多中心大城市内部工作场所发展作为可持续流动战略的适当性。