Food waste is a systemic problem, with waste occurring at all stages in the supply chain and consumption process. There is a need to unpack which strategies, approaches and tools can be applied to reduce the amount of food wasted. Understanding the extent of social marketing principles used offers insights into the additional means that can be applied to increase voluntary behavioral change.,Following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, a systematic quantitative literature review was undertaken focused on outcome evaluation studies conducted since 2000. Six databases were examined, and cross rating was used to identify previous programs tackling food waste behavior at a household level. A total of 23 programs were analyzed against 8 social marketing components.,Overall, only 2 out of 23 food waste programs self-identified as social marketing programs. A lack of application of social marketing elements was observed across all studies, indicating a tendency to implement non-voluntary change approaches. The most commonly targeted behaviors were source-separation. Personal interaction involved the distribution of information in person (typically through door knocking). Personal interaction strategies were identified as the most effective program techniques. Program effectiveness was greater when the social marketing components of behavioral change, theory and marketing mix were used, indicating the potential for voluntary approaches to be applied more in the future.,To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study was the first systematic literature review to examine the extent of social marketing application in food waste programs reported in peer-reviewed academic literature using eight components of social marketing. The study revealed behavioral change was more likely when more social marketing components were used. Future research is recommended to consider the application of full range of social marketing elements to extend beyond involuntary approaches, which can be subjected to criticism from community.

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对减少食物浪费计划的最佳实践进行系统的文献综述

食物浪费是一个系统性问题，浪费发生在供应链和消费过程的各个阶段。需要解开可以应用哪些策略，方法和工具来减少浪费的食品数量的包装。了解所使用的社会营销原则的程度可为可用于增加自愿行为改变的其他手段提供深刻见解。在遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目之后，针对结果评估研究进行了系统的定量文献综述自2000年以来进行。检查了六个数据库，并使用交叉评级来确定以前解决家庭食物垃圾行为的计划。针对8个社交营销组件，共分析了23个程序。在23个食物浪费计划中，只有2个被自我确定为社会营销计划。在所有研究中均发现缺乏社会营销元素的应用，这表明有实施非自愿变更方法的趋势。最常见的针对性行为是源分离。人际互动涉及到人的信息分发（通常是通过敲门）。个人互动策略被认为是最有效的编程技术。当使用行为改变，理论和市场营销组合的社会营销组成部分时，程序的有效性更高，这表明将来有可能更多地采用自愿方法。据作者所知，当前的研究是第一个系统的文献综述，目的是使用社会营销的八个组成部分，对在同行评审的学术文献中所报告的食物浪费计划中的社会营销应用进行研究。研究表明，当使用更多的社会营销组件时，行为改变的可能性更大。建议未来的研究考虑社会营销元素的全部应用，以扩展到非自愿方法之外，这可能会受到社区的批评。