In 1936, the indigenous Peruvian photographer Martín Chambi travelled to and exhibited his work in Chile. Using a transnational framework of historical analysis, this article explores the multiple meanings of his visit. In particular it underscores the involvement of the Chilean and Peruvian governments in this cultural encounter, and highlights some of the commonalities and connections, as well as differences, between the discourses of race that were circulating in Chile and Peru at the time. This is important because it undermines the dominant historical narratives, which have tended to present Chile as a country that – in contrast to Peru – failed to engage in discussions about the so-called ‘indigenous question’, and which have interpreted relations between Chile and Peru almost exclusively as antagonistic and hostile.

中文翻译：

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摄影邂逅：Martín Chambi、20 世纪早期的土著性和智利-秘鲁关系

1936 年，秘鲁土著摄影师 Martín Chambi 前往智利展出他的作品。本文运用跨国历史分析框架，探讨他此访的多重意义。它特别强调了智利和秘鲁政府在这次文化交流中的参与，并强调了当时在智利和秘鲁流行的种族话语之间的一些共同点和联系以及差异。这一点很重要，因为它破坏了占主导地位的历史叙述，这些叙述倾向于将智利描述为一个国家——与秘鲁相反——未能参与关于所谓“土著问题”的讨论，并解释了智利和秘鲁之间的关系。秘鲁几乎完全是敌对和敌对的。