In this article, the optimal gain value of classical controller gain values is obtained by using different performance indices in Automatic Generation Control. These are interconnected by the three areas of a hydro-thermal power system. The thermal and hydro areas are incorporated with a reheat turbine and a mechanical governor, respectively. The current article was created to select a suitable technique for the tuning of controller gain, when 1% of a step load is given to the thermal area (Area 1). The performance of several controllers, such as Integral (I), Proportional-Integral (PI), and Integral-Derivative (ID) were evaluated and were compared to the cases of with and without Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) non-linearity. The classical controller gain value optimization was performed using the Integral Time Square Error (ITSE), Integral Square Error (ISE) and Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) performance indices. The minimum optimal value of controller gain normally offers better dynamic response. The obtained results established that the optimization based on the ITAE-PI controller always guarantees superior dynamic performances compared to other indices and controllers.

中文翻译：

---

具有GRC非线性和经典控制器的多区域水火电系统AGC

在本文中，通过在自动发电控制中使用不同的性能指标来获得经典控制器增益值的最佳增益值。这些通过水火力发电系统的三个区域相互连接。热力和水力区域分别与再热涡轮机和机械调速器结合在一起。当为热区（区域1）提供1％的阶跃负载时，创建当前文章是为了选择一种合适的技术来调节控制器增益。评估了几种控制器的性能，例如积分（I），比例积分（PI）和积分微分（ID），并将其与具有和不具有发电率约束（GRC）非线性的情况进行比较。使用积分时间平方误差（ITSE）执行经典的控制器增益值优化，积分平方误差（ISE）和积分时间绝对误差（ITAE）性能指标。控制器增益的最小最佳值通常可提供更好的动态响应。获得的结果表明，与其他指标和控制器相比，基于ITAE-PI控制器的优化始终保证了出色的动态性能。