This article analyses the Indian, Persian, and Algerian–Tunisian independence committees and their place in Germany’s ‘programme for revolution’, Berlin’s attempt to instigate insurrection across the British, French, and Russian empires during the First World War. The agency of Asian and North African activists in this programme remains largely unknown, and their wartime collaboration in Germany is an under-researched topic in the histories of anti-colonial activism. This article explores the collaboration between the three committees, highlighting their strategic relationships with German officials and with each other. Criticizing the Eurocentric framings still present in studies of wartime strategy, it contributes to a growing historiography on the war as a global conflict. It argues that the independence committees were central actors in Germany’s programme, that the transnationalism of the pre-1914 anti-colonial movements both imprinted Germany’s programme and was furthered by it, and that only a comparative perspective exploring the interactions of its anti-colonial activists fully grasps the global scope of this topic.

中文翻译：

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跨国主义和起义：独立委员会、反殖民网络和德国的全球战争

本文分析了印度、波斯和阿尔及利亚-突尼斯独立委员会以及它们在德国“革命计划”中的地位，柏林试图在第一次世界大战期间煽动英国、法国和俄罗斯帝国的起义。亚洲和北非激进分子在该计划中的作用在很大程度上仍然未知，他们在德国的战时合作是反殖民主义历史上研究不足的话题。本文探讨了三个委员会之间的合作，重点介绍了它们与德国官员以及彼此之间的战略关系。批评仍然存在于战时战略研究中的以欧洲为中心的框架，它有助于将战争作为全球冲突的历史编纂学不断发展。