This article presents and empirically substantiates a theoretical account explaining the making and stabilisation of illiberal hegemony in Hungary. It combines a Polanyian institutionalist framework with a neo-Gramscian analysis of right-wing hegemonic strategy and a relational class analysis inspired by the political economy tradition in anthropology. The article identifies the social actors behind the illiberal transformation, showing how ‘neoliberal disembedding’ fuelled the rightward shift of constituencies who had erstwhile been brought into the fold of liberal hegemony: blue-collar workers, post-peasants and sections of domestic capital. Finally, the article describes the emergence of a new regime of accumulation and Fidesz’s strategy of ‘authoritarian re-embedding’, which relies on ‘institutional authoritarianism’ and ‘authoritarian populism’. This two-pronged approach has so far allowed the ruling party to stabilise illiberal hegemony, even in the face of reforms that have generated discontents and exacerbated social inequality.

中文翻译：

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从新自由主义的脱嵌到专制的重新嵌入：匈牙利非自由主义霸权的形成

本文提出并实证证实了一个理论解释，解释了匈牙利非自由主义霸权的形成和稳定。它将波兰尼式制度主义框架与右翼霸权战略的新葛兰西分析以及受人类学政治经济学传统启发的关系阶级分析相结合。这篇文章确定了非自由主义转型背后的社会行动者，展示了“新自由主义脱嵌”如何助长了曾经被带入自由主义霸权的选区的右移：蓝领工人、后农民和国内资本的一部分。最后，文章描述了新的积累制度的出现和 Fidesz 的“威权再嵌入”策略，它依赖于“制度威权主义”和“威权民粹主义”。迄今为止，这种双管齐下的方法使执政党能够稳定不自由的霸权，即使面对引起不满和加剧社会不平等的改革。