Since the 2010s, we witness the rise of populism and nationalism as part of a reaction against the global policies of the last 30 years in Western liberal democracies and beyond. This article seeks to unpack the rise of populism and nationalism and its relationship to social media. We review the relevant literature relating to the globalization paradigm and assess how it has influenced communication studies. The rise of the globalization theory coincides with key advancements in the post-Cold War world, such as the growth of international trade, the global movement of people, the increase in the number of international laws and forums, economic liberalism, as well as the rise of the internet and global digital communication networks. But while the global era denotes a cosmopolitan vision, economic insecurity, growing inequality in wealth distribution, as well as cultural change and shifts in traditional values and norms have brought about a broader concern that globalization is associated with a shift of power to transnational elites, whose impact upon common people’s life and experiences is not fully acknowledged. Contemporary populism has been associated with nationalism, but also with the active use of social media platforms as alternative communication sites to mainstream media which is seen as having been captured by elite consensus politics. This complicates the relationship between truth and free expression in an age of social media, meaning that we need to account for the role of such platforms in the rise of populism and ‘post-truth’ politics, as well as its scope to advance the goals and strategies of progressive social movements.

中文翻译：

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民粹主义、全球化和社交媒体

自 2010 年代以来，我们目睹了民粹主义和民族主义的兴起，这是对西方自由民主国家及其他地区过去 30 年全球政策的反应的一部分。本文试图解开民粹主义和民族主义的兴起及其与社交媒体的关系。我们回顾了与全球化范式相关的文献，并评估了它如何影响传播研究。全球化理论的兴起与冷战后世界的关键进步相吻合，例如国际贸易的增长、全球人口流动、国际法和论坛数量的增加、经济自由主义以及互联网和全球数字通信网络的兴起。但是，虽然全球时代代表着世界主义的愿景，经济不安全，财富分配中日益不平等的现象，以及文化变革和传统价值观和规范的转变，引发了更广泛的担忧，即全球化与权力向跨国精英的转移有关，而后者对普通民众的生活和经历的影响并未得到充分承认。当代民粹主义与民族主义有关，但也与积极使用社交媒体平台作为主流媒体的替代交流网站有关，主流媒体被视为已被精英共识政治所俘获。这使得社交媒体时代真相与自由表达之间的关系变得复杂，这意味着我们需要考虑此类平台在民粹主义和“后真相”政治兴起中的作用，以及其推进目标的范围和进步社会运动的策略。以及文化变革和传统价值观和规范的转变，引发了更广泛的担忧，即全球化与权力向跨国精英的转移有关，而后者对普通民众的生活和经历的影响尚未得到充分承认。当代民粹主义与民族主义有关，但也与积极使用社交媒体平台作为主流媒体的替代交流网站有关，主流媒体被视为已被精英共识政治所俘获。这使得社交媒体时代真相与自由表达之间的关系变得复杂，这意味着我们需要考虑此类平台在民粹主义和“后真相”政治兴起中的作用，以及其推进目标的范围和进步社会运动的策略。以及文化变革和传统价值观和规范的转变，引发了更广泛的担忧，即全球化与权力向跨国精英的转移有关，而后者对普通民众的生活和经历的影响尚未得到充分承认。当代民粹主义与民族主义有关，但也与积极使用社交媒体平台作为主流媒体的替代交流网站有关，主流媒体被视为已被精英共识政治所俘获。这使得社交媒体时代真相与自由表达之间的关系变得复杂，这意味着我们需要考虑此类平台在民粹主义和“后真相”政治兴起中的作用，以及其推进目标的范围和进步社会运动的策略。