Over the last years, the nature of service has changed owing to conceptual advances and developments in information technology. These developments have given rise to novel types of service and smart service systems (SSS), ie, resource configurations capable of learning, dynamic adaptation, and decision making. Currently, the internet of things (IoT) is turning physical objects into active smart things, bridging the gap between the physical and the digital world. Smart things advance SSS as they observe the physical environment, access local data, immerse into individuals' everyday lives and organizational routines. In line with the emergent nature of both phenomena, the impact of the IoT on SSS yet needs to be explored. Building the basis for explanatory and design‐led research and for the analysis and design of SSS, a means for the conceptual modelling of SSS that accounts for novel IoT‐enabled concepts is in high need. Hence, we designed, demonstrated, and evaluated a domain‐specific modelling language (DSML) for SSS. We evaluated the DSML by using it in the modelling of real‐world scenarios from all functional IoT domains, by submitting it to the scrutiny of industry experts, by discussing it against generic DSML requirements, and by analysing to what extent it meets domain‐specific design objectives compared with competing artefacts. To demonstrate the DSML, we included a complex real‐world scenario centred around the Nest Learning Thermostat.

中文翻译：

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捕获智能服务系统：开发特定领域的建模语言

在过去几年中，由于信息技术的概念进步和发展，服务的性质发生了变化。这些发展催生了新型服务和智能服务系统 (SSS)，即能够学习、动态适应和决策的资源配置。目前，物联网 (IoT) 正在将物理对象转变为主动的智能事物，弥合物理世界和数字世界之间的鸿沟。智能事物在观察物理环境、访问本地数据、沉浸在个人日常生活和组织例行程序中时推动了 SSS。根据这两种现象的紧急性质，物联网对 SSS 的影响尚需探索。为解释性和设计主导的研究以及 SSS 的分析和设计奠定基础，非常需要一种用于 SSS 概念建模的方法，该方法可以解释支持物联网的新概念。因此，我们为 SSS 设计、演示和评估了特定领域建模语言 (DSML)。我们通过将 DSML 用于所有功能性 IoT 领域的真实场景建模、将其提交给行业专家的审查、针对通用 DSML 要求进行讨论以及分析它在多大程度上满足特定领域的要求来评估 DSML设计目标与竞争产品相比。为了演示 DSML，我们包含了一个以 Nest Learning Thermostat 为中心的复杂现实场景。我们通过将 DSML 用于所有功能性 IoT 领域的真实场景建模、将其提交给行业专家的审查、针对通用 DSML 要求进行讨论以及分析它在多大程度上满足特定领域的要求来评估 DSML设计目标与竞争产品相比。为了演示 DSML，我们包含了一个以 Nest Learning Thermostat 为中心的复杂现实场景。我们通过在所有功能性物联网领域的真实场景建模中使用 DSML 来评估 DSML，将其提交给行业专家的审查，通过针对通用 DSML 要求进行讨论，以及通过分析它在多大程度上满足特定领域设计目标与竞争产品相比。为了演示 DSML，我们包含了一个以 Nest Learning Thermostat 为中心的复杂现实场景。