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Titanic Struggle: Memory, Heritage and Shipyard Deindustrialization in Belfast
History Workshop Journal ( IF 1.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-01 , DOI: 10.1093/hwj/dbz003
Pete Hodson 1
Affiliation  

Titanic Quarter is situated on former shipbuilding land on the eastern banks of Belfast’s River Lagan, birthplace to hundreds of ships including the illfated Titanic. Titanic Quarter looks like a typical waterfront redevelopment project. Stainless steel and glass – the identikit symbols of civic modernity – dominate the urban landscape. (Fig. 1) For many visitors Titanic Quarter is synonymous with Belfast. The aggressive rebranding of this post-conflict, post-industrial city has strong political and economic dimensions. Titanic Quarter is supposed to alter international perceptions of Northern Ireland and shift domestic allegiances following the late twentieth-century Troubles. The ‘new Northern Ireland’ packaged and projected by Titanic Quarter is nonetheless out of step with social reality in Belfast. Neighbouring working-class communities are subject to economic and cultural marginalization, something that Titanic Quarter entrenches rather than tackles. (Fig. 2) This article draws on the oral testimony of East Belfast workers and families with historic economic and emotional links to the Titanic Quarter site – Queen’s Island, as they know it – to explore this shift. It foregrounds lived social experiences rather than deindustrial aesthetics. Interdisciplinary methods are applied to gain a sense of the Titanic struggle over memory currently taking place in Belfast. The first section traces the demise of Harland & Wolff shipyard, explaining how deindustrialization equipped Titanic Quarter developers with a ‘pleasingly blank canvas’ to reshape meaning and space in Belfast. The growth of Titanic Quarter relied (and if plans are realized still does) on shipyard contraction. The rundown of Harland & Wolff spanned from the 1960s until the final wave of mass redundancies around the millennium, when shipbuilding ceased in Belfast. The contraction of Harland & Wolff – for many years the most extensive shipyard in Europe – unlocked the land required for urban redevelopment. The processes of deindustrialization and urban regeneration are seldom analyzed together, despite their often symbiotic relationship. Responding to recent calls for integrated analysis, this article argues that state and corporate actors, who had a political, economic and cultural stake in Titanic Quarter redevelopment, willed the demise of Harland & Wolff.

中文翻译:

泰坦尼克号之争:贝尔法斯特的记忆,遗产和造船厂的去工业化

泰坦尼克区(Titanic Quarter)位于贝尔法斯特的拉根河(River Lagan)东岸以前的造船厂土地上,那里是数百艘船只的发源地,包括患病的泰坦尼克号(Titanic)。泰坦尼克区看起来像一个典型的海滨重建项目。不锈钢和玻璃–市民现代性的标志–主导着城市景观。(图1)对于许多游客来说,“泰坦尼克号区”是贝尔法斯特的代名词。这个冲突后,后工业化城市的积极品牌重塑具有强大的政治和经济意义。泰坦尼克区(Titanic Quarter)应该会改变国际社会对北爱尔兰的看法,并在20世纪末的麻烦之后转移国内效忠。泰坦尼克区(Titanic Quarter)计划和设计的“新北爱尔兰”与贝尔法斯特的社会现实并不一致。邻近的工人阶级社区受到经济和文化边缘化的影响,这是《泰坦尼克号季报》所确立而不是解决的问题。(图2)本文借鉴了东贝尔法斯特工人和家庭的口头证词,他们与泰坦尼克区遗址(他们所知道的皇后岛)有着历史上的经济和情感联系,以探讨这一转变。它的重点是生活的社会经验,而不是工业美学。运用跨学科方法可以使人们了解贝尔法斯特当前发生的泰坦尼克号关于记忆的斗争。第一部分追溯了哈兰与沃尔夫(Harland&Wolff)船厂的灭亡,并说明了去工业化如何为泰坦尼克区开发商提供了“令人愉悦的空白画布”,以重塑贝尔法斯特的意义和空间。泰坦尼克号区的增长依赖于船厂的收缩(如果计划得以实现的话)。哈兰与沃尔夫(Harland&Wolff)的破产期从1960年代开始,一直到千年来的最后一次大规模裁员浪潮,贝尔法斯特的造船业才停止。哈兰与沃尔夫(Harland&Wolff)的收缩-多年来是欧洲规模最大的造船厂-释放了城市重建所需的土地。尽管它们往往是共生关系,但很少同时分析去工业化和城市更新的过程。在回应最近要求进行综合分析的呼吁时,本文认为,在泰坦尼克区重建中具有政治,经济和文化利益的州和公司行为体将使Harland&Wolff灭亡。沃尔夫(Wolff)从1960年代开始,一直到千禧年最后一次大规模裁员浪潮,当时贝尔法斯特的造船业停止了。哈兰与沃尔夫(Harland&Wolff)的收缩-多年来是欧洲规模最大的造船厂-释放了城市重建所需的土地。尽管它们往往是共生关系,但很少同时分析去工业化和城市更新的过程。在回应最近要求进行综合分析的呼吁时,本文认为,在泰坦尼克区重建中具有政治,经济和文化利益的州和公司行为体将使Harland&Wolff灭亡。沃尔夫(Wolff)从1960年代开始,一直到千禧年最后一次大规模裁员浪潮,当时贝尔法斯特的造船业停止了。哈兰与沃尔夫(Harland&Wolff)的收缩-多年来是欧洲规模最大的造船厂-释放了城市重建所需的土地。尽管它们往往是共生关系,但很少同时分析去工业化和城市更新的过程。在回应最近要求进行综合分析的呼吁时,本文认为,在泰坦尼克区重建中具有政治,经济和文化利益的州和公司行为体将使Harland&Wolff灭亡。沃尔夫-多年来是欧洲规模最广的造船厂-释放了城市重建所需的土地。尽管它们往往是共生关系,但很少同时分析去工业化和城市更新的过程。在回应最近要求进行综合分析的呼吁时,本文认为,在泰坦尼克区重建中具有政治,经济和文化利益的州和公司行为体将使Harland&Wolff灭亡。沃尔夫-多年来是欧洲规模最广的造船厂-释放了城市重建所需的土地。尽管它们往往是共生关系,但很少同时分析去工业化和城市更新的过程。在回应最近要求进行综合分析的呼吁时,本文认为,在泰坦尼克区重建中具有政治,经济和文化利益的州和公司行为体将使Harland&Wolff灭亡。
更新日期:2019-01-01
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