This paper analyses and critically discusses the role of regions in implementing renewable energy (RE) policies, examining the relationship between state policy and RE deployment. Using evidence from four case study regions, Apulia and Tuscany in Italy and Wales and Scotland in the UK, the paper teases out some differences in terms of regional competencies to implement RE policies across the two countries. The national governments in both Italy and the UK have constructed regulatory and governance relationships to orchestrate and reorder economic, social and ecological challenges and devolve responsibilities at the sub-national level. This has offered an opportunity for the peculiarities of regional setups to be taken into account and regions have contributed towards the promotion of green and sustainable path development via the route of promoting RE deployment. The paper argues that the downscaling and distribution of responsibility in the cases investigated reflect the capacity and willingness of nation states to respond to and mediate the strategic goals and outcomes formulated at national and international levels. Nevertheless, while the regions investigated display differences in their incentives, capacities and capabilities to increase RE deployment, their ability to act is very much influenced by nation states, stressing the important role of the state in mediating the form and direction of RE deployment.

中文翻译：

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调节区域可持续发展的形式和方向：国家在选定区域可再生能源部署中的作用

本文分析并批判性地讨论了地区在实施可再生能源 (RE) 政策中的作用，考察了国家政策与可再生能源部署之间的关系。该论文利用来自意大利的普利亚和托斯卡纳以及英国的威尔士和苏格兰的四个案例研究地区的证据，梳理出两国在实施可再生能源政策的地区能力方面存在的一些差异。意大利和英国的国家政府已经建立了监管和治理关系，以协调和重新安排经济、社会和生态挑战，并在地方层面下放责任。这为考虑区域设置的特殊性提供了机会，区域通过促进可再生能源部署的途径为促进绿色和可持续的道路发展做出了贡献。本文认为，所调查案例中责任的缩小和分配反映了民族国家对在国家和国际层面制定的战略目标和结果做出反应和调解的能力和意愿。然而，虽然被调查的地区在增加可再生能源部署的动机、能力和能力方面表现出差异，但他们的行动能力受民族国家的影响很大，强调国家在调解可再生能源部署的形式和方向方面的重要作用。本文认为，所调查案例中责任的缩小和分配反映了民族国家对在国家和国际层面制定的战略目标和结果做出反应和调解的能力和意愿。然而，虽然被调查的地区在增加可再生能源部署的动机、能力和能力方面表现出差异，但他们的行动能力受民族国家的影响很大，强调国家在调解可再生能源部署的形式和方向方面的重要作用。本文认为，所调查案例中责任的缩小和分配反映了民族国家对在国家和国际层面制定的战略目标和结果做出反应和调解的能力和意愿。然而，虽然被调查的地区在增加可再生能源部署的动机、能力和能力方面表现出差异，但他们的行动能力受民族国家的影响很大，强调国家在调解可再生能源部署的形式和方向方面的重要作用。