This paper explores the dynamics of urban policy transfer in the European Union (EU), critically examining the process of Europeanization in relation to urban issues. The paper takes a comparative approach, analysing the evolution of urban policy and Europeanization in four member states: France, Italy, Spain and the UK from the 1990s up to the current Cohesion Policy period (2014–2020). Using an analytical framework based on three dimensions of Europeanization (direction, object and impact), we examine the extent to which urban policies are moving towards an integrated approach to sustainable urban development, as supported by the EU. The paper highlights the contradictions between processes of convergence through Europeanization, and path-dependent systems and trajectories that forge alternative paths. In doing so, it advances wider debates on the impact of Europeanization in a neo-liberal context by arguing that member states more likely to be affected by Europeanization are those most impacted by national austerity measures. A process of ‘variegated Europeanization’ is proposed to capture the differential practices taking place within the EU with regard to the circulation of the EU’s approach to urban policy.

中文翻译：

---

多样化的欧洲化和城市政策：法国、意大利、西班牙和英国的政策转移动态

本文探讨了欧盟 (EU) 城市政策转移的动态，批判性地研究了与城市问题相关的欧洲化进程。本文采用比较方法，分析了法国、意大利、西班牙和英国从 1990 年代到当前的凝聚政策时期（2014-2020 年）四个成员国的城市政策和欧洲化的演变。使用基于欧洲化三个维度（方向、目标和影响）的分析框架，我们研究了城市政策在多大程度上转向了欧盟支持的可持续城市发展综合方法。该论文强调了通过欧洲化实现的趋同过程与形成替代路径的依赖路径的系统和轨迹之间的矛盾。在这样做，它通过认为更有可能受欧洲化影响的成员国是那些受国家紧缩措施影响最大的成员国，推动了关于新自由主义背景下欧洲化影响的更广泛辩论。提出了一个“多样化的欧洲化”过程，以捕捉在欧盟内部发生的关于欧盟城市政策方法流通的差异化做法。