This article expands upon the notion of ideology as a material phenomenon, usually in the form of institutionalized, taken-for-granted practices. It draws on Herbert Marcuse and related thinkers to conceptualize technological solutions to environmental problems as materialized ideological responses to social-ecological contradictions, which, by concealing these contradictions, reproduce existing social conditions. This article outlines a method of technology assessment as ideology critique that draws attention to: (1) the social determinants of the given technology; (2) whether the technology conceals or masks social-ecological contradictions; (3) whether the technology reproduces existing social conditions; and (4) whether the technology may be used for more rational or emancipatory ends in different social conditions. The examples of solar geoengineering and agricultural biotechnology are examined and it is found that, in each case, these technological solutions conceal social-ecological contradictions and support the current economic system and those benefiting from it, while precluding other alternatives.

中文翻译：

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物化的意识形态和环境问题：太阳地球工程和农业生物技术的案例

本文将意识形态的概念扩展为一种实质现象，通常以制度化的，被视为理所当然的做法的形式出现。它借鉴了赫伯特·马尔库塞（Herbert Marcuse）和相关思想家的思想，将对环境问题的技术解决方案概念化为对社会生态矛盾的具体的意识形态反应，通过隐藏这些矛盾，再现了现有的社会条件。本文概述了一种作为意识形态批判的技术评估方法，该方法引起了人们的注意：（1）给定技术的社会决定因素；（2）技术是否掩盖或掩盖了社会生态矛盾；（三）技术是否再现了现有的社会条件；（4）在不同的社会条件下，该技术是否可用于更合理或更解放的目的。