ABSTRACT This article provides a holistic analysis of traffic congestion in Metro Manila, treating traffic and transport in the Philippines’ national capital region as an ecosystem which has entrenched itself, endured, and evolved in the face of ongoing demographic, economic, and technological change. The article focuses on the activities and initiatives of a new “species” within Metro Manila’s transport ecosystem – the transport reform advocacy group – to identify and examine both the constituent elements and complex operations of the ecosystem and its capacities for resistance, resilience, and reconstitution in the face of reforms. These reform initiatives include a proposed bus rapid transit (BRT) system, the loosening of number coding restrictions on public utility vehicles, the liberalization of point-to-point (P2P) bus services, the legalization of motorcycle taxis, the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP), the establishment of bicycle lanes, and the expansion and improvement of pedestrian walkways to improve micro-mobility in the metropolis. The article concludes with a consideration of the efforts of transport reform advocacy groups to advance these elements of their reform agenda amidst the ongoing global pandemic and the government-imposed quarantine and economic downturn in the Philippines in early-mid 2020.

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通过改革避免“Carmageddon”？马尼拉大都会交通拥堵和交通政策僵局的生态系统分析

摘要本文对马尼拉大都会的交通拥堵进行了整体分析，将菲律宾国家首都地区的交通和运输视为一个生态系统，该生态系统在人口、经济和技术不断变化的情况下已经站稳脚跟并不断发展。本文重点介绍马尼拉大都会交通生态系统中一个新“物种”——交通改革倡导组织——的活动和倡议，以确定和研究生态系统的组成要素和复杂的运作及其抵抗、恢复和重建的能力在改革面前。这些改革举措包括拟议的快速公交 (BRT) 系统、放宽对公共事业车辆的编号编码限制、点对点 (P2P) 公交服务的自由化、摩托车出租车的合法化、公共事业车辆现代化计划 (PUVMP)、自行车道的建立以及人行道的扩建和改进，以改善大都市的微型交通。文章最后考虑了交通改革倡导团体在持续的全球大流行以及菲律宾政府在 2020 年中期实施的检疫和经济下滑的情况下为推进其改革议程的这些要素所做的努力。