ABSTRACT In Bali, rapid conversion of agricultural land has been framed by opinion leaders and mass media as an indication of an agrarian crisis. The government responded by nominating subak (a traditional water management system) landscapes for world heritage status, which was achieved in 2012. Instead of mitigating land conversion, world heritage status has incentivized local farmers to sell their agricultural land. This article examines market-based conservation strategies by investigating their conceptual foundation. It argues that a romantic characterization of subak, combined with neoliberal assumptions which conceive of the land crisis in Bali through a rational choice lens, has led to a counter-productive market-based solution managed in a technocratic manner, ignoring the structural conditions which have been the main cause of land conversion. Thus, the neoliberal response to Bali’s agrarian crisis, rather than conserving subak landscapes and empowering local farmers, has contributed to the further marginalization of local farmers and their landscapes.

中文翻译：

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新自由主义文化景观：巴厘岛的农业遗产

摘要 在巴厘岛，农业用地的快速转变被舆论领袖和大众媒体视为农业危机的征兆。政府的回应是将 subak（一种传统的水管理系统）景观提名为世界遗产，这一点于 2012 年实现。世界遗产地位并没有减少土地转换，而是激励当地农民出售他们的农业用地。本文通过调查其概念基础来研究基于市场的保护策略。它认为，苏巴克的浪漫特征，结合通过理性选择视角来设想巴厘岛土地危机的新自由主义假设，导致了一种以技术官僚方式管理的、基于市场的、适得其反的解决方案，忽视了成为土地转换的主要原因的结构性条件。因此，新自由主义对巴厘岛农业危机的反应，而不是保护苏巴克景观和赋予当地农民权力，反而导致当地农民及其景观进一步边缘化。