ABSTRACT Much of wildlife conservation literature and practices rely on euro-western nomenclature that are legacies of empire. Although seemingly neutral, the practice of (re)naming nature depends on political, philosophical, and social assumptions that encode top-down behaviour and governance in conservation practices. Indigenous communities’ processes of classifying nature are not recognized as valid and, as such, their conservation strategies are made invisible. If Indigenous knowledge is accounted for by contemporary conservation, it is often from a paradigm that focusses on ecological-scientific knowledge, rather than the complex inter-species relationships that Indigenous communities have with nature. As such, Indigenous communities are often perceived as a barrier or problem towards conservation, due to what is perceived as their lack of care for species of conservation interest. In this article, drawing on a kin study of maias conservation in Sarawak, I explore the power dynamics and tensions emerging within practice and discourses of conservation. In particular, I focus upon the struggles and negotiations in which conservation actors understand the orang utan, as they are commonly known in an international space, that overshadow the Iban ways of naming and knowing the orang utan as maias. Finally, I discuss the Iban classifications/names and relations with nature and how this affects different understandings of conservation.

中文翻译：

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红毛猩猩不是土著人的名字：知道和命名毛伊亚斯人是非殖民化的认识论

摘要许多野生动植物保护文献和习俗都依赖于作为帝国遗产的西欧术语。尽管看似中立，但对自然进行（重新）命名的做法取决于对保护实践中自上而下的行为和治理进行编码的政治，哲学和社会假设。土著社区对自然进行分类的过程没有被认为是有效的，因此，其保护策略就变得不可见了。如果说当代保护是土著知识的代名词，那么它通常来自一种侧重于生态科学知识的范式，而不是土著社区与自然之间复杂的物种间关系。因此，土著社区通常被视为保护的障碍或问题，由于人们认为它们缺乏对具有保护意义的物种的照顾。在这篇文章中，我将根据对砂拉越毛伊亚族保护的近亲研究，探索保护实践和保护话语中出现的权力动态和紧张局势。我特别关注那些在国际空间中众所周知的保护行动者理解猩猩的斗争和谈判，这掩盖了伊班人对猩猩的命名和认识。最后，我讨论了伊班的分类/名称以及与自然的关系，以及这如何影响对保护的不同理解。我特别关注那些在国际空间中众所周知的保护行动者理解猩猩的斗争和谈判，这掩盖了伊班人对猩猩的命名和认识。最后，我讨论了伊班的分类/名称以及与自然的关系，以及这如何影响对保护的不同理解。我特别关注那些在国际空间中众所周知的保护行动者理解猩猩的斗争和谈判，这掩盖了伊班人对猩猩的命名和认识。最后，我讨论了伊班的分类/名称以及与自然的关系，以及这如何影响对保护的不同理解。