This study examined whether children’s expression of gratitude and processes potentially related to this expression, such as wishes and spending preferences, would vary across childhood in an urban center of a majority world country. We collected data from 422 boys and girls aged 7 to 14 years residing in Izmir, Turkey. Results indicated that the expression of connective gratitude was common across all ages, and there was a decrease in the expression of concrete gratitude with an increase in age. There was no relationship between types of wishes and gratitude or wishes and spending preferences; however, girls expressed less concrete gratitude and fewer hedonistic wishes compared with boys. Saving and donating were the most common spending preferences, and with an increase in age, the tendency for spending money to buy things for oneself increased. These findings are discussed in relation to how cultural experiences may influence the development of gratitude in this population.

中文翻译：

---

儿童和青少年跨社会表达感激之情：来自土耳其的调查结果

这项研究调查了儿童表达感激之情以及可能与这种表达相关的过程，例如愿望和消费偏好，是否会在一个多数世界国家的城市中心因童年而异。我们收集了居住在土耳其伊兹密尔的 422 名 7 至 14 岁男孩和女孩的数据。结果表明，连接感恩的表达在各个年龄段都很普遍，具体感恩的表达随着年龄的增加而减少。愿望类型与感恩或愿望与消费偏好之间没有关系；然而，与男孩相比，女孩表达的感激和享乐愿望较少。储蓄和捐赠是最常见的消费偏好，随着年龄的增长，花钱为自己买东西的倾向增加。