Ayahuasca, a psychoactive plant decoction, has spread from indigenous communities in South America to urban areas in the Americas, Europe, and Australia where it is used in neoshamanic rituals. This paper draws on ethnography of Australian ayahuasca ceremonies to examine the ways that individualism shapes the structure of ayahuasca rituals, the interpretation of visionary experiences, and notions of spiritual development. I show how the metaphors that Australian drinkers involved in this study use to understand their ayahuasca experiences and spiritual development reflect a form of immunitary individualism, which is premised on the negation of difference and relationality. Secular disenchantment and a culture of narcissism may drive people to seek ayahuasca, but transcendence is interpreted in terms of an expansive, non-relational self. In this sense, neoshamanic ayahuasca culture may be an escape from and reproduction of the culture of narcissism associated with the malaise of modernity.

中文翻译：

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都是你！澳大利亚死藤水饮酒、精神发展和免疫个人主义

Ayahuasca 是一种精神活性植物汤剂，已从南美洲的土著社区传播到美洲、欧洲和澳大利亚的城市地区，用于新萨满仪式。本文利用澳大利亚死藤水仪式的民族志研究个人主义塑造死藤水仪式结构的方式、对有远见的体验的解释以及精神发展的概念。我展示了参与这项研究的澳大利亚饮酒者用来理解他们的死藤水体验和精神发展的隐喻如何反映一种形式的免疫个人主义，其前提是否定差异和关系。世俗的祛魅和自恋的文化可能会驱使人们寻求死藤水，但超越被解释为一个膨胀的、非关系的自我。