ABSTRACT Radio Freedom, the African National Congress’ (ANC’s) “exiled” broadcasting platform, is arguably the oldest politically aligned and anti-apartheid-created broadcasting media institution to be solely dedicated to propaganda that challenged the racially oppressive policies of South Africa. Launched as a counter-response to the void that was left by the banning of anti-apartheid political activity in South Africa, Radio Freedom initially conducted its broadcasting activities in South Africa. It was later forced to broadcast from several African countries that were hosting the then exiled ANC. The focus of this article is on understanding how the ANC’s Department of Information and Publicity (DIP) in general, and Radio Freedom in particular, assisted this political organisation in maintaining a “virtual” presence in South Africa using propaganda and counter-propaganda strategies. Using a qualitative research approach in understanding the strategies and planning of the ANC’s cross border propaganda machinery, the article suggests that the ANC developed an objective of controlling and maintaining its image through political propaganda. Relying on the growing interest in media history scholarship, this article argues and concludes that Radio Freedom is one of the key media institutions that can be used to understand the history of media and its response to apartheid South Africa.

中文翻译：

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重读南非的宣传和反宣传历史：关于非洲人国民大会（ANC）的反种族隔离广播自由

摘要自由广播电台是非洲人国民大会（ANC）的“流放”广播平台，可以说是历史最悠久的政治联盟，由反种族隔离创立的广播媒体机构，专门致力于挑战南非的种族压迫政策的宣传。作为对南非禁止反种族隔离政治活动所留下的空白的回应，自由自由电台最初在南非进行了广播活动。后来被迫从主持当时被放逐的非国大的几个非洲国家广播。本文的重点是了解ANC的信息和宣传部（DIP）的总体情况，尤其是电台自由，通过宣传和反宣传策略，协助该政治组织在南非维持“虚拟”存在。本文使用定性研究方法来理解ANC的跨境宣传机制的战略和计划，文章建议ANC制定了通过政治宣传来控制和维护其形象的目标。依靠对媒体历史学研究的日益增长的兴趣，本文论证并得出结论，自由广播电台是可以用来了解媒体历史及其对种族隔离南非的反应的主要媒体机构之一。文章建议非国大制定了通过政治宣传来控制和维护其形象的目标。依靠对媒体历史学研究的日益增长的兴趣，本文论证并得出结论，自由广播电台是可以用来了解媒体历史及其对种族隔离南非的反应的主要媒体机构之一。文章建议非国大制定了通过政治宣传来控制和维护其形象的目标。依靠对媒体历史学研究的日益增长的兴趣，本文论证并得出结论，自由广播电台是可以用来了解媒体历史及其对种族隔离南非的反应的主要媒体机构之一。