ABSTRACT

Geospatial information has transformed into a primary consumer good in our society. Worldwide, governmental organizations have contributed to this reality through Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), promoting economic development, stimulating better governance, and fostering environmental sustainability. These initiatives have been settled according to three stages of development. Recently, the community is witnessing an emerging fourth stage in the SDI evolution, because of mainstream Information Technologies (IT), and where different IT trends (such as Big Data, cloud computing, or Semantic Web) are already being integrated as part of SDIs worldwide. Nevertheless, their implementation states change among countries according to the initial context and the Digital Divide. Therefore, it is essential to understand the adoption process characteristics, and especially in Latin America, where no previous evidence about the state of geospatial IT trend adoption is available. This paper contributes to an exploratory inquiry for unveiling the diversity of the fourth SDI generation in the Latin American SDI community. For that, we used an open-regional web-based survey, which was divided into four blocks (trend adoption, standardization, monitoring, and future vision and limitations) and performed three times (2014, 2017, 2018/2019). The results depicted the initial presence of IT trends with a heterogeneity scenario. In this way, some initiatives are exploring the fourth generation, while others remain at different stages between the first and third generations. This work pointed out the need for a regional observatory to allow designing policies and action plans associated with the progress of the fourth SDI generation in Latin America.

摘要

地理空间信息已转变为我们社会中的主要消费品。在世界范围内，政府组织通过空间数据基础结构（SDI），促进经济发展，促进更好的治理以及促进环境的可持续性，为实现这一现实做出了贡献。这些倡议已根据三个发展阶段予以解决。最近，由于主流信息技术（IT）的出现，社区正见证着SDI发展的第四阶段，并且已经将不同的IT趋势（例如大数据，云计算或语义Web）作为SDI的一部分进行了集成。全世界。然而，它们的实施状态会根据初始情况和数字鸿沟在各国之间发生变化。因此，必须了解采用过程的特征，尤其是在拉丁美洲，那里以前没有关于地理空间IT趋势采用状态的证据。本文有助于探索性调查，以揭示拉丁美洲SDI社区中第四代SDI的多样性。为此，我们使用了一个基于开放区域的基于网络的调查，该调查分为四个部分（趋势采用，标准化，监控以及未来愿景和局限性），执行了三次（2014、2017、2018 / 2019）。结果描述了异构趋势下IT趋势的最初存在。这样，一些计划正在探索第四代，而其他计划则处于第一和第三代之间的不同阶段。