ABSTRACT

Cohabitation has increased rapidly in the Philippines, quadrupling in prevalence from 6 per cent in 1993 to 24 per cent in 2013 among young adult women. This increase is dramatic and exceptional given the slow change in other family behaviours, such as low divorce rates and continued high fertility, and the persistent influence of the Catholic Church. While cohabitation is often framed as evidence of ideational change and liberalisation, its continued uptake over time may be associated with socio-economic conditions. Using the 2013 national demographic and health surveys, we apply a discrete-time competing risks model to examine the relationship between socio-economic status and cohabitation, using education as proxy for resources and opportunities available to women. Our findings demonstrate that lower levels of education are significantly associated with a higher risk of cohabitation, which suggests rising cohabitation in the Philippines is more linked to socio-economic disadvantage than the devaluing of marriage among educated elites.

摘要

菲律宾的同居现象迅速增加，成年女性的患病率从1993年的6％增加到2013年的24％的三倍。鉴于其他家庭行为的缓慢变化（例如低离婚率和持续高生育率以及天主教会的持续影响），这种增长是惊人的，而且是例外。虽然同居常常被构想为观念改变和自由化的证据，但随着时间的推移，同居的持续摄取可能与社会经济状况有关。我们使用2013年全国人口和健康调查，采用离散时间竞争风险模型，以教育为妇女提供的资源和机会的代表，研究社会经济地位与同居之间的关系。