In this paper, we present a terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene archaeological record from John Wayne Country Rockshelter (JWCR), located on Barrow Island in north-western Australia. The rock shelter was used between 15000 and 7000 calBP, and provides insights into how Aboriginal people interacted with a changing coastal landscape throughout postglacial sea-level rise. The faunal record reflects this fluctuating local landscape. The late Pleistocene faunal assemblage largely consists of arid plains terrestrial fauna, and then transitions to a diverse marine invertebrate taxa midden. This record demonstrates coastal resource use throughout the terminal Pleistocene, before the expansion of mangrove forests across northern Australia. The stone artefact assemblages indicate varied expedient reduction patterns. The assemblages include artefacts manufactured from local limestone and non-local sources. Our analyses indicate that occupation durations at JWCR were longer during the late Pleistocene compared to the early Holocene, when productive mangrove environments became proximal. The implications of these results are twofold. First, effective use of coastal plain environments was probably just as important for coastal occupation as marine resource procurement. Second, the presence of relatively dense marine faunal assemblages is not necessarily a reliable proxy for individual coastal-site occupational intensity under conditions of local resource productivity.

中文翻译：

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“大沼泽”之前的沿海占领：巴罗岛约翰韦恩乡村岩石避难所的挖掘结果

在本文中，我们展示了位于澳大利亚西北部巴罗岛的约翰韦恩乡村岩石避难所 (JWCR) 的更新世/早期全新世考古记录。岩石避难所在 15000 到 7000 calBP 之间使用，并提供了关于原住民如何在整个冰后海平面上升期间与不断变化的沿海景观相互作用的见解。动物记录反映了这种波动的当地景观。晚更新世动物群主要由干旱平原陆生动物群组成，然后过渡到多样化的海洋无脊椎动物分类群。该记录表明，在澳大利亚北部红树林扩张之前，整个更新世末期沿海资源的使用情况。石制品组合表明了各种权宜之计的减少模式。这些组合包括由当地石灰石和非当地来源制造的人工制品。我们的分析表明，与全新世早期相比，更新世晚期 JWCR 的占领持续时间更长，此时红树林生产环境接近。这些结果的含义是双重的。首先，有效利用沿海平原环境对于沿海占领可能与海洋资源采购同样重要。其次，在当地资源生产力条件下，相对密集的海洋动物群的存在不一定是个体沿海地区职业强度的可靠代表。当多产的红树林环境变得接近时。这些结果的含义是双重的。首先，有效利用沿海平原环境对于沿海占领可能与海洋资源采购同样重要。其次，在当地资源生产力条件下，相对密集的海洋动物群的存在不一定是个体沿海地区职业强度的可靠代表。当多产的红树林环境变得接近时。这些结果的含义是双重的。首先，有效利用沿海平原环境对于沿海占领可能与海洋资源采购同样重要。其次，在当地资源生产力条件下，相对密集的海洋动物群的存在不一定是个体沿海地区职业强度的可靠代表。