Abstract

The most important reason for the rapid increase of global warming and the occurrence of related climate changes is the contamination caused by greenhouse gases released into the air. Whereas air pollution affects human health significantly, it also threatens the lives of plants and animals. As it is known, the majority of the human population contemporarily lives in cities. In these circumstances, air pollution occurring in cities is of great importance. When the sources of air pollution occurring in cities are examined, it is seen that the pollution caused by emissions originating from vehicles and industry is the leading cause among these reasons. Exhaust gas emission values originating from ships occupy an important place in the emission amounts emitted by vehicles. Considering both emissions from ships and operational reasons, it is understood that air pollution can occur at levels that will seriously affect human health at port areas. Keeping these facts in mind, Trabzon port, which is considered to be a major threat to human life due to released exhaust gases because of being in the city center and one of the biggest ports in the region, was chosen in this study. Emissions originating from ship movements and operations at this port were measured, mapped and the flow trends of these emissions were determined by the AERMOD model and the effect on the environment was investigated. Within the scope of the study, the exhaust emission measurements of the ships and the vehicles serving for operational purposes were performed all the year round. Afterwards, the annual distribution of gases was determined by modeling the measured emissions with the AERMOD model program. As a result of the analyses, it was found out that a large part of the exhaust emissions occurring at the port area originated from the ships and the amount of CO₂ gas emission constituted approximately 97% of the total exhaust gas emission. Also, it was determined that the exhaust gas emitted to the widest area was NO_x and the gases emitted to the environment were spread over an area of approximately 40 km² around the port area.

摘要

全球变暖迅速加剧和相关气候变化发生的最重要原因是释放到空气中的温室气体造成的污染。尽管空气污染严重影响人类健康，但它也威胁着植物和动物的生命。众所周知，当代大多数人口居住在城市。在这种情况下，城市中发生的空气污染非常重要。对城市大气污染源进行调查发现，车辆和工业排放造成的污染是其中的主要原因。来自船舶的废气排放量在车辆排放量中占有重要地位。考虑到船舶排放和运营原因，据了解，空气污染的程度可能会严重影响港口地区的人类健康。牢记这些事实，特拉布宗港口被认为是对人类生命的主要威胁，因为它位于市中心，并且是该地区最大的港口之一，因此被认为是对人类生命的主要威胁。测量、绘制了源自该港口船舶移动和运营的排放物，并通过 AERMOD 模型确定了这些排放物的流动趋势，并调查了对环境的影响。在研究范围内，全年进行船舶和用于运营目的车辆的废气排放测量。之后，通过使用 AERMOD 模型程序对测量的排放进行建模来确定气体的年度分布。_{2 号}气体排放量约占总废气排放量的 97%。此外，确定排放到最广泛区域的废气是NO _x并且排放到环境中的气体散布在港口区域周围约40km ^{2的区域中。}